refac: modernize type annotations (PEP 604 / PEP 585)

backend/open_webui/config.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import base64
 import json
 import logging
@@ -20,29 +22,36 @@ from open_webui.env import (
     DATABASE_URL,
     ENABLE_DB_MIGRATIONS,
     ENV,
-    REDIS_URL,
-    REDIS_KEY_PREFIX,
-    REDIS_SENTINEL_HOSTS,
-    REDIS_SENTINEL_PORT,
     FRONTEND_BUILD_DIR,
     OFFLINE_MODE,
     OPEN_WEBUI_DIR,
+    REDIS_KEY_PREFIX,
+    REDIS_SENTINEL_HOSTS,
+    REDIS_SENTINEL_PORT,
+    REDIS_URL,
     WEBUI_AUTH,
     WEBUI_FAVICON_URL,
     WEBUI_NAME,
     log,
 )
+from open_webui.internal.config import (
+    STATE as _state,
+)
+from open_webui.internal.config import (
+    AppConfig,
+    ConfigVar,
+)
 
 # ── Persistent configuration layer ──────────────────────────────────────────
-
 from open_webui.internal.config import (  # noqa: F401
     ConfigTable as Config,
-    ConfigVar,
-    AppConfig,
-    STATE as _state,
-    initialize as _initialize_config,
+)
+from open_webui.internal.config import (
     _all_configs as PERSISTENT_CONFIG_REGISTRY,
 )
+from open_webui.internal.config import (
+    initialize as _initialize_config,
+)
 
 
 def get_config():
@@ -1288,9 +1297,7 @@ RAG_EMBEDDING_MODEL_AUTO_UPDATE = (
     not OFFLINE_MODE and os.getenv('RAG_EMBEDDING_MODEL_AUTO_UPDATE', 'True').lower() == 'true'
 )
 
-RAG_EMBEDDING_MODEL_TRUST_REMOTE_CODE = (
-    os.getenv('RAG_EMBEDDING_MODEL_TRUST_REMOTE_CODE', 'True').lower() == 'true'
-)
+RAG_EMBEDDING_MODEL_TRUST_REMOTE_CODE = os.getenv('RAG_EMBEDDING_MODEL_TRUST_REMOTE_CODE', 'True').lower() == 'true'
 
 RAG_EMBEDDING_BATCH_SIZE = ConfigVar(
     'RAG_EMBEDDING_BATCH_SIZE',
@@ -1335,9 +1342,7 @@ RAG_RERANKING_MODEL_AUTO_UPDATE = (
     not OFFLINE_MODE and os.getenv('RAG_RERANKING_MODEL_AUTO_UPDATE', 'True').lower() == 'true'
 )
 
-RAG_RERANKING_MODEL_TRUST_REMOTE_CODE = (
-    os.getenv('RAG_RERANKING_MODEL_TRUST_REMOTE_CODE', 'True').lower() == 'true'
-)
+RAG_RERANKING_MODEL_TRUST_REMOTE_CODE = os.getenv('RAG_RERANKING_MODEL_TRUST_REMOTE_CODE', 'True').lower() == 'true'
 
 RAG_RERANKING_BATCH_SIZE = ConfigVar(
     'RAG_RERANKING_BATCH_SIZE',
@@ -2709,9 +2714,7 @@ USER_PERMISSIONS_CHAT_DELETE = os.getenv('USER_PERMISSIONS_CHAT_DELETE', 'True')
 
 USER_PERMISSIONS_CHAT_DELETE_MESSAGE = os.getenv('USER_PERMISSIONS_CHAT_DELETE_MESSAGE', 'True').lower() == 'true'
 
-USER_PERMISSIONS_CHAT_CONTINUE_RESPONSE = (
-    os.getenv('USER_PERMISSIONS_CHAT_CONTINUE_RESPONSE', 'True').lower() == 'true'
-)
+USER_PERMISSIONS_CHAT_CONTINUE_RESPONSE = os.getenv('USER_PERMISSIONS_CHAT_CONTINUE_RESPONSE', 'True').lower() == 'true'
 
 USER_PERMISSIONS_CHAT_REGENERATE_RESPONSE = (
     os.getenv('USER_PERMISSIONS_CHAT_REGENERATE_RESPONSE', 'True').lower() == 'true'
@@ -2735,9 +2738,7 @@ USER_PERMISSIONS_CHAT_TTS = os.getenv('USER_PERMISSIONS_CHAT_TTS', 'True').lower
 
 USER_PERMISSIONS_CHAT_CALL = os.getenv('USER_PERMISSIONS_CHAT_CALL', 'True').lower() == 'true'
 
-USER_PERMISSIONS_CHAT_MULTIPLE_MODELS = (
-    os.getenv('USER_PERMISSIONS_CHAT_MULTIPLE_MODELS', 'True').lower() == 'true'
-)
+USER_PERMISSIONS_CHAT_MULTIPLE_MODELS = os.getenv('USER_PERMISSIONS_CHAT_MULTIPLE_MODELS', 'True').lower() == 'true'
 
 USER_PERMISSIONS_CHAT_TEMPORARY = os.getenv('USER_PERMISSIONS_CHAT_TEMPORARY', 'True').lower() == 'true'
 
@@ -2770,9 +2771,7 @@ USER_PERMISSIONS_FEATURES_API_KEYS = os.getenv('USER_PERMISSIONS_FEATURES_API_KE
 
 USER_PERMISSIONS_FEATURES_MEMORIES = os.getenv('USER_PERMISSIONS_FEATURES_MEMORIES', 'True').lower() == 'true'
 
-USER_PERMISSIONS_FEATURES_AUTOMATIONS = (
-    os.getenv('USER_PERMISSIONS_FEATURES_AUTOMATIONS', 'False').lower() == 'true'
-)
+USER_PERMISSIONS_FEATURES_AUTOMATIONS = os.getenv('USER_PERMISSIONS_FEATURES_AUTOMATIONS', 'False').lower() == 'true'
 
 USER_PERMISSIONS_FEATURES_CALENDAR = os.getenv('USER_PERMISSIONS_FEATURES_CALENDAR', 'True').lower() == 'true'
 
@@ -2940,9 +2939,7 @@ WEBHOOK_URL = ConfigVar('WEBHOOK_URL', 'webhook_url', os.getenv('WEBHOOK_URL', '
 
 ENABLE_ADMIN_EXPORT = os.getenv('ENABLE_ADMIN_EXPORT', 'True').lower() == 'true'
 
-ENABLE_ADMIN_WORKSPACE_CONTENT_ACCESS = (
-    os.getenv('ENABLE_ADMIN_WORKSPACE_CONTENT_ACCESS', 'True').lower() == 'true'
-)
+ENABLE_ADMIN_WORKSPACE_CONTENT_ACCESS = os.getenv('ENABLE_ADMIN_WORKSPACE_CONTENT_ACCESS', 'True').lower() == 'true'
 
 BYPASS_ADMIN_ACCESS_CONTROL = (
     os.getenv(
@@ -3024,7 +3021,7 @@ else:
 class BannerModel(BaseModel):
     id: str
     type: str
-    title: Optional[str] = None
+    title: str | None = None
     content: str
     dismissible: bool
     timestamp: int
@@ -3705,9 +3702,7 @@ OAUTH_ALLOWED_ROLES = ConfigVar(
     'oauth.allowed_roles',
     [
         role.strip()
-        for role in os.getenv('OAUTH_ALLOWED_ROLES', f'user{OAUTH_ROLES_SEPARATOR}admin').split(
-            OAUTH_ROLES_SEPARATOR
-        )
+        for role in os.getenv('OAUTH_ALLOWED_ROLES', f'user{OAUTH_ROLES_SEPARATOR}admin').split(OAUTH_ROLES_SEPARATOR)
         if role
     ],
 )

backend/open_webui/constants.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from enum import Enum
 
 

backend/open_webui/env.py

@@ -530,9 +530,7 @@ except (ValueError, TypeError):
     AIOHTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT_TOOL_SERVER_DATA = 10
 
 
-AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_TOOL_SERVER_SSL = (
-    os.getenv('AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_TOOL_SERVER_SSL', 'True').lower() == 'true'
-)
+AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_TOOL_SERVER_SSL = os.getenv('AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_TOOL_SERVER_SSL', 'True').lower() == 'true'
 
 AIOHTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT_TOOL_SERVER = os.getenv('AIOHTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT_TOOL_SERVER', '')
 
@@ -779,9 +777,7 @@ FORWARD_USER_INFO_HEADER_USER_NAME = os.getenv('FORWARD_USER_INFO_HEADER_USER_NA
 FORWARD_USER_INFO_HEADER_USER_ID = os.getenv('FORWARD_USER_INFO_HEADER_USER_ID', 'X-OpenWebUI-User-Id')
 FORWARD_USER_INFO_HEADER_USER_EMAIL = os.getenv('FORWARD_USER_INFO_HEADER_USER_EMAIL', 'X-OpenWebUI-User-Email')
 FORWARD_USER_INFO_HEADER_USER_ROLE = os.getenv('FORWARD_USER_INFO_HEADER_USER_ROLE', 'X-OpenWebUI-User-Role')
-FORWARD_SESSION_INFO_HEADER_MESSAGE_ID = os.getenv(
-    'FORWARD_SESSION_INFO_HEADER_MESSAGE_ID', 'X-OpenWebUI-Message-Id'
-)
+FORWARD_SESSION_INFO_HEADER_MESSAGE_ID = os.getenv('FORWARD_SESSION_INFO_HEADER_MESSAGE_ID', 'X-OpenWebUI-Message-Id')
 FORWARD_SESSION_INFO_HEADER_CHAT_ID = os.getenv('FORWARD_SESSION_INFO_HEADER_CHAT_ID', 'X-OpenWebUI-Chat-Id')
 
 ####################################
@@ -897,9 +893,7 @@ if SENTENCE_TRANSFORMERS_CROSS_ENCODER_BACKEND == '':
     SENTENCE_TRANSFORMERS_CROSS_ENCODER_BACKEND = 'torch'
 
 
-SENTENCE_TRANSFORMERS_CROSS_ENCODER_MODEL_KWARGS = os.getenv(
-    'SENTENCE_TRANSFORMERS_CROSS_ENCODER_MODEL_KWARGS', ''
-)
+SENTENCE_TRANSFORMERS_CROSS_ENCODER_MODEL_KWARGS = os.getenv('SENTENCE_TRANSFORMERS_CROSS_ENCODER_MODEL_KWARGS', '')
 if SENTENCE_TRANSFORMERS_CROSS_ENCODER_MODEL_KWARGS == '':
     SENTENCE_TRANSFORMERS_CROSS_ENCODER_MODEL_KWARGS = None
 else:

backend/open_webui/functions.py

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
-import logging
-import sys
+import asyncio
 import inspect
 import json
-import asyncio
-
-from pydantic import BaseModel
+import logging
+import sys
 from typing import AsyncGenerator, Generator, Iterator
+
 from fastapi import (
     Depends,
     FastAPI,
@@ -16,40 +15,35 @@ from fastapi import (
     UploadFile,
     status,
 )
+from pydantic import BaseModel
 from starlette.responses import Response, StreamingResponse
 
-
+from open_webui.config import BYPASS_ADMIN_ACCESS_CONTROL
 from open_webui.constants import ERROR_MESSAGES
+from open_webui.env import BYPASS_MODEL_ACCESS_CONTROL, GLOBAL_LOG_LEVEL
+from open_webui.models.functions import Functions
+from open_webui.models.models import Models
+from open_webui.models.users import UserModel
 from open_webui.socket.main import (
     get_event_call,
     get_event_emitter,
 )
-
-
-from open_webui.models.users import UserModel
-from open_webui.models.functions import Functions
-from open_webui.models.models import Models
-
-from open_webui.utils.plugin import (
-    load_function_module_by_id,
-    get_function_module_from_cache,
-)
 from open_webui.utils.access_control import check_model_access
-
-from open_webui.env import GLOBAL_LOG_LEVEL, BYPASS_MODEL_ACCESS_CONTROL
-from open_webui.config import BYPASS_ADMIN_ACCESS_CONTROL
-
 from open_webui.utils.misc import (
     add_or_update_system_message,
     get_last_user_message,
-    prepend_to_first_user_message_content,
     openai_chat_chunk_message_template,
     openai_chat_completion_message_template,
+    prepend_to_first_user_message_content,
 )
 from open_webui.utils.payload import (
     apply_model_params_to_body_openai,
     apply_system_prompt_to_body,
 )
+from open_webui.utils.plugin import (
+    get_function_module_from_cache,
+    load_function_module_by_id,
+)
 
 logging.basicConfig(stream=sys.stdout, level=GLOBAL_LOG_LEVEL)
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)

backend/open_webui/internal/config.py

@@ -10,10 +10,9 @@ from functools import reduce
 from typing import Any, Optional, Union
 
 import redis
-from sqlalchemy import JSON, Column, DateTime, Integer, func, select
-
 from open_webui.internal.db import Base, get_async_db, get_db
 from open_webui.utils.redis import get_redis_connection
+from sqlalchemy import JSON, Column, DateTime, Integer, func, select
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -22,7 +21,7 @@ log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class ConfigTable(Base):
-    __tablename__ = "config"
+    __tablename__ = 'config'
 
     id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
     data = Column(JSON, nullable=False)
@@ -37,7 +36,7 @@ class ConfigTable(Base):
 class ConfigState:
     """In-memory mirror of the single-row config JSON blob."""
 
-    __slots__ = ("_data",)
+    __slots__ = ('_data',)
 
     def __init__(self) -> None:
         self._data: dict[str, Any] = {}
@@ -49,12 +48,12 @@ class ConfigState:
     def read(self, path: str) -> Any:
         return reduce(
             lambda n, k: n.get(k) if isinstance(n, dict) else None,
-            path.split("."),
+            path.split('.'),
             self._data,
         )
 
     def write(self, path: str, value: Any) -> None:
-        keys = path.split(".")
+        keys = path.split('.')
         reduce(lambda d, k: d.setdefault(k, {}), keys[:-1], self._data)[keys[-1]] = value
 
     def replace(self, data: dict) -> None:
@@ -63,7 +62,7 @@ class ConfigState:
     def load(self) -> dict:
         with get_db() as db:
             row = db.query(ConfigTable).order_by(ConfigTable.id.desc()).first()
-            self._data = row.data if row else {"version": 0, "ui": {}}
+            self._data = row.data if row else {'version': 0, 'ui': {}}
         return self._data
 
     def persist(self, data: dict | None = None) -> None:
@@ -123,7 +122,7 @@ def initialize(*, enable_persistent: bool = True, enable_oauth_persistent: bool
 
 
 class ConfigVar:
-    __slots__ = ("env_name", "config_path", "env_value", "config_value", "value")
+    __slots__ = ('env_name', 'config_path', 'env_value', 'config_value', 'value')
 
     def __init__(self, env_name: str, config_path: str, env_value: Any) -> None:
         self.env_name = env_name
@@ -132,7 +131,7 @@ class ConfigVar:
         self.config_value = STATE.read(config_path)
 
         if self.config_value is not None and _persist_enabled:
-            if config_path.startswith("oauth.") and not _oauth_persist_enabled:
+            if config_path.startswith('oauth.') and not _oauth_persist_enabled:
                 log.info("Skipping DB value for '%s' (OAuth persistence disabled)", env_name)
                 self.value = env_value
             else:
@@ -147,22 +146,22 @@ class ConfigVar:
         return str(self.value)
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
-        return f"<ConfigVar {self.env_name}={self.value!r}>"
+        return f'<ConfigVar {self.env_name}={self.value!r}>'
 
     @property
     def __dict__(self):  # type: ignore[override]
         raise TypeError(f"ConfigVar('{self.env_name}') cannot be cast to dict; use .value")
 
     def __getattribute__(self, item: str):
-        if item == "__dict__":
-            raise TypeError("ConfigVar cannot be cast to dict; use .value")
+        if item == '__dict__':
+            raise TypeError('ConfigVar cannot be cast to dict; use .value')
         return super().__getattribute__(item)
 
     def refresh(self) -> None:
         current = STATE.read(self.config_path)
         if current is not None:
             self.value = current
-            log.info("Refreshed %s → %s", self.env_name, self.value)
+            log.info('Refreshed %s → %s', self.env_name, self.value)
 
     def commit(self) -> None:
         log.info("Persisting '%s'", self.env_name)
@@ -189,18 +188,18 @@ class AppConfig:
         redis_url: Optional[str] = None,
         redis_sentinels: Optional[list] = None,
         redis_cluster: bool = False,
-        redis_key_prefix: str = "open-webui",
+        redis_key_prefix: str = 'open-webui',
     ) -> None:
-        super().__setattr__("_entries", {})
-        super().__setattr__("_key_prefix", redis_key_prefix)
+        super().__setattr__('_entries', {})
+        super().__setattr__('_key_prefix', redis_key_prefix)
 
         rc: Union[redis.Redis, redis.cluster.RedisCluster, None] = None
         if redis_url:
             rc = get_redis_connection(redis_url, redis_sentinels or [], redis_cluster, decode_responses=True)
-        super().__setattr__("_rc", rc)
+        super().__setattr__('_rc', rc)
 
     def __setattr__(self, name: str, value: Any) -> None:
-        entries: dict = super().__getattribute__("_entries")
+        entries: dict = super().__getattribute__('_entries')
 
         if isinstance(value, ConfigVar):
             entries[name] = value
@@ -213,11 +212,11 @@ class AppConfig:
         except RuntimeError:
             entries[name].commit()
 
-        rc = super().__getattribute__("_rc")
+        rc = super().__getattribute__('_rc')
         if rc and _persist_enabled:
-            prefix = super().__getattribute__("_key_prefix")
+            prefix = super().__getattribute__('_key_prefix')
             try:
-                rc.set(f"{prefix}:config:{name}", json.dumps(entries[name].value))
+                rc.set(f'{prefix}:config:{name}', json.dumps(entries[name].value))
             except Exception as exc:
                 log.error("Redis write failed for '%s': %s", name, exc)
 
@@ -228,15 +227,15 @@ class AppConfig:
             log.error("Async persist failed for '%s': %s", name, exc)
 
     def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> Any:
-        entries = super().__getattribute__("_entries")
+        entries = super().__getattribute__('_entries')
         if name not in entries:
             raise AttributeError(f"No config key '{name}'")
 
-        rc = super().__getattribute__("_rc")
+        rc = super().__getattribute__('_rc')
         if rc and _persist_enabled:
-            prefix = super().__getattribute__("_key_prefix")
+            prefix = super().__getattribute__('_key_prefix')
             try:
-                raw = rc.get(f"{prefix}:config:{name}")
+                raw = rc.get(f'{prefix}:config:{name}')
                 if raw is not None:
                     decoded = json.loads(raw)
                     if entries[name].value != decoded:
@@ -248,12 +247,12 @@ class AppConfig:
         return entries[name].value
 
     def _sync_to_redis(self) -> None:
-        rc = super().__getattribute__("_rc")
+        rc = super().__getattribute__('_rc')
         if not rc or not _persist_enabled:
             return
-        prefix = super().__getattribute__("_key_prefix")
-        for name, s in super().__getattribute__("_entries").items():
+        prefix = super().__getattribute__('_key_prefix')
+        for name, s in super().__getattribute__('_entries').items():
             try:
-                rc.set(f"{prefix}:config:{name}", json.dumps(s.value))
+                rc.set(f'{prefix}:config:{name}', json.dumps(s.value))
             except Exception as exc:
                 log.error("Redis sync failed for '%s': %s", name, exc)

backend/open_webui/internal/db.py

@@ -1,35 +1,36 @@
-import os
-import sys
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import json
 import logging
+import os
+import sys
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager, contextmanager
 from typing import Any, Optional
 from urllib.parse import parse_qs, urlencode, urlparse, urlunparse
 
-
 from open_webui.env import (
-    OPEN_WEBUI_DIR,
-    DATABASE_URL,
-    DATABASE_SCHEMA,
+    DATABASE_ENABLE_SESSION_SHARING,
+    DATABASE_ENABLE_SQLITE_WAL,
     DATABASE_POOL_MAX_OVERFLOW,
     DATABASE_POOL_RECYCLE,
     DATABASE_POOL_SIZE,
     DATABASE_POOL_TIMEOUT,
-    DATABASE_ENABLE_SQLITE_WAL,
-    DATABASE_ENABLE_SESSION_SHARING,
-    DATABASE_SQLITE_PRAGMA_SYNCHRONOUS,
+    DATABASE_SCHEMA,
     DATABASE_SQLITE_PRAGMA_BUSY_TIMEOUT,
     DATABASE_SQLITE_PRAGMA_CACHE_SIZE,
-    DATABASE_SQLITE_PRAGMA_TEMP_STORE,
-    DATABASE_SQLITE_PRAGMA_MMAP_SIZE,
     DATABASE_SQLITE_PRAGMA_JOURNAL_SIZE_LIMIT,
+    DATABASE_SQLITE_PRAGMA_MMAP_SIZE,
+    DATABASE_SQLITE_PRAGMA_SYNCHRONOUS,
+    DATABASE_SQLITE_PRAGMA_TEMP_STORE,
+    DATABASE_URL,
     ENABLE_DB_MIGRATIONS,
+    OPEN_WEBUI_DIR,
 )
-from sqlalchemy import Dialect, create_engine, MetaData, event, types
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import create_async_engine, AsyncSession, async_sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy import Dialect, MetaData, create_engine, event, types
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession, async_sessionmaker, create_async_engine
 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
-from sqlalchemy.orm import scoped_session, sessionmaker, Session
-from sqlalchemy.pool import QueuePool, NullPool
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session, scoped_session, sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy.pool import NullPool, QueuePool
 from sqlalchemy.sql.type_api import _T
 from typing_extensions import Self
 
@@ -120,10 +121,10 @@ class JSONField(types.TypeDecorator):
     impl = types.Text
     cache_ok = True
 
-    def process_bind_param(self, value: Optional[_T], dialect: Dialect) -> Any:
+    def process_bind_param(self, value: _T | None, dialect: Dialect) -> Any:
         return json.dumps(value)
 
-    def process_result_value(self, value: Optional[_T], dialect: Dialect) -> Any:
+    def process_result_value(self, value: _T | None, dialect: Dialect) -> Any:
         if value is not None:
             return json.loads(value)
 
@@ -374,7 +375,7 @@ async def get_async_db():
 
 
 @asynccontextmanager
-async def get_async_db_context(db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None):
+async def get_async_db_context(db: AsyncSession | None = None):
     """Async context manager that reuses an existing session if provided and session sharing is enabled."""
     if isinstance(db, AsyncSession) and DATABASE_ENABLE_SESSION_SHARING:
         yield db

backend/open_webui/migrations/env.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 """Alembic environment configuration.
 
 Configures the migration context for both offline (SQL script generation)
@@ -23,7 +25,7 @@ if config.config_file_name is not None:
     fileConfig(config.config_file_name, disable_existing_loggers=False)
 
 # Re-apply JSON formatter after fileConfig replaces handlers.
-if LOG_FORMAT == "json":
+if LOG_FORMAT == 'json':
     from open_webui.env import JSONFormatter
 
     for handler in logging.root.handlers:
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ if _ssl_params:
     DB_URL = reattach_ssl_params_to_url(_url_no_ssl, _ssl_params)
 
 if DB_URL:
-    config.set_main_option("sqlalchemy.url", DB_URL.replace("%", "%%"))
+    config.set_main_option('sqlalchemy.url', DB_URL.replace('%', '%%'))
 
 
 # ── Migration runners ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -49,12 +51,12 @@ if DB_URL:
 
 def run_migrations_offline() -> None:
     """Generate SQL script without a live database connection."""
-    url = config.get_main_option("sqlalchemy.url")
+    url = config.get_main_option('sqlalchemy.url')
     context.configure(
         url=url,
         target_metadata=target_metadata,
         literal_binds=True,
-        dialect_opts={"paramstyle": "named"},
+        dialect_opts={'paramstyle': 'named'},
     )
     with context.begin_transaction():
         context.run_migrations()
@@ -62,14 +64,12 @@ def run_migrations_offline() -> None:
 
 def _build_connectable():
     """Create the appropriate SQLAlchemy engine for the configured DB URL."""
-    if DB_URL and DB_URL.startswith("sqlite+sqlcipher://"):
-        if not DATABASE_PASSWORD or DATABASE_PASSWORD.strip() == "":
-            raise ValueError(
-                "DATABASE_PASSWORD is required when using sqlite+sqlcipher:// URLs"
-            )
+    if DB_URL and DB_URL.startswith('sqlite+sqlcipher://'):
+        if not DATABASE_PASSWORD or DATABASE_PASSWORD.strip() == '':
+            raise ValueError('DATABASE_PASSWORD is required when using sqlite+sqlcipher:// URLs')
 
-        db_path = DB_URL.replace("sqlite+sqlcipher://", "")
-        if db_path.startswith("/"):
+        db_path = DB_URL.replace('sqlite+sqlcipher://', '')
+        if db_path.startswith('/'):
             db_path = db_path[1:]
 
         def _sqlcipher_creator():
@@ -79,11 +79,11 @@ def _build_connectable():
             conn.execute(f"PRAGMA key = '{DATABASE_PASSWORD}'")
             return conn
 
-        return create_engine("sqlite://", creator=_sqlcipher_creator, echo=False)
+        return create_engine('sqlite://', creator=_sqlcipher_creator, echo=False)
 
     return engine_from_config(
         config.get_section(config.config_ini_section, {}),
-        prefix="sqlalchemy.",
+        prefix='sqlalchemy.',
         poolclass=pool.NullPool,
     )
 

backend/open_webui/migrations/util.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 """Alembic migration utilities."""
 
 from alembic import op

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/018012973d35_add_indexes.py

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ Create Date: 2025-08-13 03:00:00.000000
 
 """
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 revision = '018012973d35'
 down_revision = 'd31026856c01'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/1af9b942657b_migrate_tags.py

@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ Create Date: 2024-10-09 21:02:35.241684
 
 """
 
-from alembic import op
-import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, select, update, column
-from sqlalchemy.engine.reflection import Inspector
-
 import json
 
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
+from sqlalchemy.engine.reflection import Inspector
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column, select, table, update
+
 revision = '1af9b942657b'
 down_revision = '242a2047eae0'
 branch_labels = None

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/242a2047eae0_update_chat_table.py

@@ -6,12 +6,12 @@ Create Date: 2024-10-09 21:02:35.241684
 
 """
 
-from alembic import op
-import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, select, update
-
 import json
 
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
+from sqlalchemy.sql import select, table, update
+
 revision = '242a2047eae0'
 down_revision = '6a39f3d8e55c'
 branch_labels = None

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/2f1211949ecc_update_message_and_channel_member_table.py

@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ Create Date: 2025-11-27 03:07:56.200231
 
 from typing import Sequence, Union
 
-from alembic import op
-import sqlalchemy as sa
 import open_webui.internal.db
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 # revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
 revision: str = '2f1211949ecc'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/374d2f66af06_add_prompt_history_table.py

@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ Create Date: 2026-01-23 17:15:00.000000
 
 """
 
-from typing import Sequence, Union
 import uuid
+from typing import Sequence, Union
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 revision: str = '374d2f66af06'
 down_revision: Union[str, None] = 'c440947495f3'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/3781e22d8b01_update_message_table.py

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ Create Date: 2024-12-30 03:00:00.000000
 
 """
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 revision = '3781e22d8b01'
 down_revision = '7826ab40b532'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/37f288994c47_add_group_member_table.py

@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ Create Date: 2025-11-17 03:45:25.123939
 
 """
 
-import uuid
-import time
 import json
+import time
+import uuid
 from typing import Sequence, Union
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 # revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
 revision: str = '37f288994c47'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/38d63c18f30f_add_oauth_session_table.py

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ Create Date: 2025-09-08 14:19:59.583921
 
 from typing import Sequence, Union
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 # revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
 revision: str = '38d63c18f30f'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/3ab32c4b8f59_update_tags.py

@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ Create Date: 2024-10-09 21:02:35.241684
 
 """
 
-from alembic import op
-import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, select, update, column
-from sqlalchemy.engine.reflection import Inspector
-
 import json
 
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
+from sqlalchemy.engine.reflection import Inspector
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column, select, table, update
+
 revision = '3ab32c4b8f59'
 down_revision = '1af9b942657b'
 branch_labels = None

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/3af16a1c9fb6_update_user_table.py

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ Create Date: 2025-08-21 02:07:18.078283
 
 from typing import Sequence, Union
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 # revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
 revision: str = '3af16a1c9fb6'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/3e0e00844bb0_add_knowledge_file_table.py

@@ -6,16 +6,15 @@ Create Date: 2025-12-02 06:54:19.401334
 
 """
 
+import json
+import time
+import uuid
 from typing import Sequence, Union
 
-from alembic import op
-import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy import inspect
 import open_webui.internal.db
-
-import time
-import json
-import uuid
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
+from sqlalchemy import inspect
 
 # revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
 revision: str = '3e0e00844bb0'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/4ace53fd72c8_update_folder_table_datetime.py

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ Create Date: 2024-10-23 03:00:00.000000
 
 """
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 revision = '4ace53fd72c8'
 down_revision = 'af906e964978'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/4de81c2a3af1_add_pinned_note_table.py

@@ -8,10 +8,9 @@ Create Date: 2026-05-09 04:29:27.651341
 
 from typing import Sequence, Union
 
-from alembic import op
-import sqlalchemy as sa
 import open_webui.internal.db
-
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 # revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
 revision: str = '4de81c2a3af1'
@@ -20,10 +19,11 @@ branch_labels: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
 depends_on: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
 
 
-import uuid
 import time
-from sqlalchemy import select, update, insert
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, column
+import uuid
+
+from sqlalchemy import insert, select, update
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column, table
 
 
 def upgrade() -> None:

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/56359461a091_add_calendar_tables.py

@@ -8,9 +8,8 @@ Create Date: 2026-04-19 16:20:58.162045
 
 from typing import Sequence, Union
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
-
+from alembic import op
 
 # revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
 revision: str = '56359461a091'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/57c599a3cb57_add_channel_table.py

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ Create Date: 2024-12-22 03:00:00.000000
 
 """
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 revision = '57c599a3cb57'
 down_revision = '922e7a387820'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/6283dc0e4d8d_add_channel_file_table.py

@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ Create Date: 2025-12-10 15:11:39.424601
 
 from typing import Sequence, Union
 
-from alembic import op
-import sqlalchemy as sa
 import open_webui.internal.db
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 # revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
 revision: str = '6283dc0e4d8d'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/6a39f3d8e55c_add_knowledge_table.py

@@ -6,11 +6,12 @@ Create Date: 2024-10-01 14:02:35.241684
 
 """
 
-from alembic import op
-import sqlalchemy as sa
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, column, select
 import json
 
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column, select, table
+
 revision = '6a39f3d8e55c'
 down_revision = 'c0fbf31ca0db'
 branch_labels = None

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/7826ab40b532_update_file_table.py

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ Create Date: 2024-12-23 03:00:00.000000
 
 """
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 revision = '7826ab40b532'
 down_revision = '57c599a3cb57'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/7e5b5dc7342b_init.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 """Initial Alembic schema — creates all base tables.
 
 Revision ID: 7e5b5dc7342b
@@ -7,14 +9,13 @@ Create Date: 2024-06-24 13:15:33.808998
 
 from typing import Sequence, Union
 
+import open_webui.internal.db  # noqa: F401
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 from alembic import op
-
-import open_webui.internal.db  # noqa: F401
 from open_webui.internal.db import JSONField
 from open_webui.migrations.util import get_existing_tables
 
-revision: str = "7e5b5dc7342b"
+revision: str = '7e5b5dc7342b'
 down_revision: Union[str, None] = None
 branch_labels: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
 depends_on: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
@@ -25,162 +26,162 @@ depends_on: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
 
 _TABLES: list[tuple[str, list[sa.Column], list]] = [
     (
-        "auth",
+        'auth',
         [
-            sa.Column("id", sa.String(), nullable=False),
-            sa.Column("email", sa.String(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("password", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("active", sa.Boolean(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('id', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+            sa.Column('email', sa.String(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('password', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('active', sa.Boolean(), nullable=True),
         ],
-        [sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id")],
+        [sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id')],
     ),
     (
-        "chat",
+        'chat',
         [
-            sa.Column("id", sa.String(), nullable=False),
-            sa.Column("user_id", sa.String(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("title", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("chat", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("created_at", sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("updated_at", sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("share_id", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("archived", sa.Boolean(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('id', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+            sa.Column('user_id', sa.String(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('title', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('chat', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('created_at', sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('updated_at', sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('share_id', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('archived', sa.Boolean(), nullable=True),
         ],
-        [sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id"), sa.UniqueConstraint("share_id")],
+        [sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id'), sa.UniqueConstraint('share_id')],
     ),
     (
-        "chatidtag",
+        'chatidtag',
         [
-            sa.Column("id", sa.String(), nullable=False),
-            sa.Column("tag_name", sa.String(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("chat_id", sa.String(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("user_id", sa.String(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("timestamp", sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('id', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+            sa.Column('tag_name', sa.String(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('chat_id', sa.String(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('user_id', sa.String(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('timestamp', sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
         ],
-        [sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id")],
+        [sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id')],
     ),
     (
-        "document",
+        'document',
         [
-            sa.Column("collection_name", sa.String(), nullable=False),
-            sa.Column("name", sa.String(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("title", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("filename", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("content", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("user_id", sa.String(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("timestamp", sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('collection_name', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+            sa.Column('name', sa.String(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('title', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('filename', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('content', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('user_id', sa.String(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('timestamp', sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
         ],
-        [sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("collection_name"), sa.UniqueConstraint("name")],
+        [sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('collection_name'), sa.UniqueConstraint('name')],
     ),
     (
-        "file",
+        'file',
         [
-            sa.Column("id", sa.String(), nullable=False),
-            sa.Column("user_id", sa.String(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("filename", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("meta", JSONField(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("created_at", sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('id', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+            sa.Column('user_id', sa.String(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('filename', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('meta', JSONField(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('created_at', sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
         ],
-        [sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id")],
+        [sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id')],
     ),
     (
-        "function",
+        'function',
         [
-            sa.Column("id", sa.String(), nullable=False),
-            sa.Column("user_id", sa.String(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("name", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("type", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("content", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("meta", JSONField(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("valves", JSONField(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("is_active", sa.Boolean(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("is_global", sa.Boolean(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("updated_at", sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("created_at", sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('id', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+            sa.Column('user_id', sa.String(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('name', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('type', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('content', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('meta', JSONField(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('valves', JSONField(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('is_active', sa.Boolean(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('is_global', sa.Boolean(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('updated_at', sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('created_at', sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
         ],
-        [sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id")],
+        [sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id')],
     ),
     (
-        "memory",
+        'memory',
         [
-            sa.Column("id", sa.String(), nullable=False),
-            sa.Column("user_id", sa.String(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("content", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("updated_at", sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("created_at", sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('id', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+            sa.Column('user_id', sa.String(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('content', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('updated_at', sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('created_at', sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
         ],
-        [sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id")],
+        [sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id')],
     ),
     (
-        "model",
+        'model',
         [
-            sa.Column("id", sa.Text(), nullable=False),
-            sa.Column("user_id", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("base_model_id", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("name", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("params", JSONField(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("meta", JSONField(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("updated_at", sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("created_at", sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('id', sa.Text(), nullable=False),
+            sa.Column('user_id', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('base_model_id', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('name', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('params', JSONField(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('meta', JSONField(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('updated_at', sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('created_at', sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
         ],
-        [sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id")],
+        [sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id')],
     ),
     (
-        "prompt",
+        'prompt',
         [
-            sa.Column("command", sa.String(), nullable=False),
-            sa.Column("user_id", sa.String(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("title", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("content", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("timestamp", sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('command', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+            sa.Column('user_id', sa.String(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('title', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('content', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('timestamp', sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
         ],
-        [sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("command")],
+        [sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('command')],
     ),
     (
-        "tag",
+        'tag',
         [
-            sa.Column("id", sa.String(), nullable=False),
-            sa.Column("name", sa.String(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("user_id", sa.String(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("data", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('id', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+            sa.Column('name', sa.String(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('user_id', sa.String(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('data', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
         ],
-        [sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id")],
+        [sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id')],
     ),
     (
-        "tool",
+        'tool',
         [
-            sa.Column("id", sa.String(), nullable=False),
-            sa.Column("user_id", sa.String(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("name", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("content", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("specs", JSONField(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("meta", JSONField(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("valves", JSONField(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("updated_at", sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("created_at", sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('id', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+            sa.Column('user_id', sa.String(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('name', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('content', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('specs', JSONField(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('meta', JSONField(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('valves', JSONField(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('updated_at', sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('created_at', sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
         ],
-        [sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id")],
+        [sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id')],
     ),
     (
-        "user",
+        'user',
         [
-            sa.Column("id", sa.String(), nullable=False),
-            sa.Column("name", sa.String(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("email", sa.String(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("role", sa.String(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("profile_image_url", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("last_active_at", sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("updated_at", sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("created_at", sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("api_key", sa.String(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("settings", JSONField(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("info", JSONField(), nullable=True),
-            sa.Column("oauth_sub", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('id', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+            sa.Column('name', sa.String(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('email', sa.String(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('role', sa.String(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('profile_image_url', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('last_active_at', sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('updated_at', sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('created_at', sa.BigInteger(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('api_key', sa.String(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('settings', JSONField(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('info', JSONField(), nullable=True),
+            sa.Column('oauth_sub', sa.Text(), nullable=True),
         ],
         [
-            sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id"),
-            sa.UniqueConstraint("api_key"),
-            sa.UniqueConstraint("oauth_sub"),
+            sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id'),
+            sa.UniqueConstraint('api_key'),
+            sa.UniqueConstraint('oauth_sub'),
         ],
     ),
 ]

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/81cc2ce44d79_update_channel_file_and_knowledge_table.py

@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ Create Date: 2025-12-10 16:07:58.001282
 
 from typing import Sequence, Union
 
-from alembic import op
-import sqlalchemy as sa
 import open_webui.internal.db
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 # revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
 revision: str = '81cc2ce44d79'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/8452d01d26d7_add_chat_message_table.py

@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ Create Date: 2026-02-01 04:00:00.000000
 
 """
 
-import time
 import json
 import logging
+import time
 from typing import Sequence, Union
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/90ef40d4714e_update_channel_and_channel_members_table.py

@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ Create Date: 2025-11-30 06:33:38.790341
 
 from typing import Sequence, Union
 
-from alembic import op
-import sqlalchemy as sa
 import open_webui.internal.db
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 # revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
 revision: str = '90ef40d4714e'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/922e7a387820_add_group_table.py

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ Create Date: 2024-11-14 03:00:00.000000
 
 """
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 revision = '922e7a387820'
 down_revision = '4ace53fd72c8'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/9f0c9cd09105_add_note_table.py

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ Create Date: 2025-05-03 03:00:00.000000
 
 """
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 revision = '9f0c9cd09105'
 down_revision = '3781e22d8b01'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/a1b2c3d4e5f6_add_skill_table.py

@@ -8,9 +8,8 @@ Create Date: 2026-02-11 09:30:00.000000
 
 from typing import Sequence, Union
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
-
+from alembic import op
 from open_webui.migrations.util import get_existing_tables
 
 revision: str = 'a1b2c3d4e5f6'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/a3dd5bedd151_add_tasks_and_summary_to_chat.py

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ Create Date: 2026-03-29 22:15:00.000000
 
 from typing import Sequence, Union
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 # revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
 revision: str = 'a3dd5bedd151'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/a5c220713937_add_reply_to_id_column_to_message.py

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ Create Date: 2025-09-27 02:24:18.058455
 
 from typing import Sequence, Union
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 # revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
 revision: str = 'a5c220713937'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/af906e964978_add_feedback_table.py

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ Create Date: 2024-10-20 17:02:35.241684
 
 """
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 # Revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
 revision = 'af906e964978'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/b10670c03dd5_update_user_table.py

@@ -6,15 +6,13 @@ Create Date: 2025-11-28 04:55:31.737538
 
 """
 
-from typing import Sequence, Union
-
-from alembic import op
-import sqlalchemy as sa
-
-
-import open_webui.internal.db
 import json
 import time
+from typing import Sequence, Union
+
+import open_webui.internal.db
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 # revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
 revision: str = 'b10670c03dd5'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/b2c3d4e5f6a7_add_scim_column_to_user_table.py

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ Create Date: 2026-02-13 14:19:00.000000
 
 from typing import Sequence, Union
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 # revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
 revision: str = 'b2c3d4e5f6a7'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/b7c8d9e0f1a2_add_last_read_at_to_chat.py

@@ -6,9 +6,8 @@ Create Date: 2026-04-01 04:00:00.000000
 
 """
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
-
+from alembic import op
 
 # revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
 revision = 'b7c8d9e0f1a2'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/c1d2e3f4a5b6_add_shared_chat_table.py

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ Create Date: 2026-04-16 23:00:00.000000
 import time
 import uuid
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 revision = 'c1d2e3f4a5b6'
 down_revision = 'e1f2a3b4c5d6'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/c29facfe716b_update_file_table_path.py

@@ -6,11 +6,12 @@ Create Date: 2024-10-20 17:02:35.241684
 
 """
 
-from alembic import op
-import sqlalchemy as sa
 import json
-from sqlalchemy.sql import table, column
-from sqlalchemy import String, Text, JSON, and_
+
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
+from sqlalchemy import JSON, String, Text, and_
+from sqlalchemy.sql import column, table
 
 revision = 'c29facfe716b'
 down_revision = 'c69f45358db4'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/c440947495f3_add_chat_file_table.py

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ Create Date: 2025-12-21 20:27:41.694897
 
 from typing import Sequence, Union
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 # revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
 revision: str = 'c440947495f3'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/c69f45358db4_add_folder_table.py

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ Create Date: 2024-10-16 02:02:35.241684
 
 """
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 revision = 'c69f45358db4'
 down_revision = '3ab32c4b8f59'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/ca81bd47c050_add_config_table.py

@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ from typing import Sequence, Union
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 from alembic import op
 
-revision: str = "ca81bd47c050"
-down_revision: Union[str, None] = "7e5b5dc7342b"
+revision: str = 'ca81bd47c050'
+down_revision: Union[str, None] = '7e5b5dc7342b'
 branch_labels: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
 depends_on: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
 
@@ -19,18 +19,18 @@ depends_on: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
 def upgrade() -> None:
     """Create a key-value config table with versioning."""
     op.create_table(
-        "config",
-        sa.Column("id", sa.Integer, primary_key=True),
-        sa.Column("data", sa.JSON(), nullable=False),
-        sa.Column("version", sa.Integer, nullable=False),
+        'config',
+        sa.Column('id', sa.Integer, primary_key=True),
+        sa.Column('data', sa.JSON(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('version', sa.Integer, nullable=False),
         sa.Column(
-            "created_at",
+            'created_at',
             sa.DateTime(),
             nullable=False,
             server_default=sa.func.now(),
         ),
         sa.Column(
-            "updated_at",
+            'updated_at',
             sa.DateTime(),
             nullable=True,
             server_default=sa.func.now(),
@@ -41,4 +41,4 @@ def upgrade() -> None:
 
 def downgrade() -> None:
     """Drop the config table."""
-    op.drop_table("config")
+    op.drop_table('config')

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/d31026856c01_update_folder_table_data.py

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ Create Date: 2025-07-13 03:00:00.000000
 
 """
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 revision = 'd31026856c01'
 down_revision = '9f0c9cd09105'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/d4e5f6a7b8c9_add_automation_tables.py

@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ Create Date: 2026-03-30
 
 from typing import Union
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 revision: str = 'd4e5f6a7b8c9'
 down_revision: Union[str, None] = 'a3dd5bedd151'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/e1f2a3b4c5d6_add_is_pinned_to_note.py

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ Create Date: 2026-04-14 22:00:00.000000
 
 """
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
 
 revision = 'e1f2a3b4c5d6'
 down_revision = 'b7c8d9e0f1a2'

backend/open_webui/migrations/versions/f1e2d3c4b5a6_add_access_grant_table.py

@@ -11,13 +11,12 @@ Access control semantics:
 - {read: {...}, write: {...}}: Custom permissions -> insert specific grants
 """
 
-from typing import Sequence, Union
 import time
 import uuid
+from typing import Sequence, Union
 
-from alembic import op
 import sqlalchemy as sa
-
+from alembic import op
 from open_webui.migrations.util import get_existing_tables
 
 revision: str = 'f1e2d3c4b5a6'

backend/open_webui/models/access_grants.py

@@ -3,13 +3,11 @@ import time
 import uuid
 from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import select, delete
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from open_webui.internal.db import Base, get_async_db_context
-
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
-from sqlalchemy import BigInteger, Column, Text, UniqueConstraint, or_, and_
+from sqlalchemy import BigInteger, Column, Text, UniqueConstraint, and_, delete, or_, select
 from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import JSONB
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -623,8 +621,8 @@ class AccessGrantsTable:
         Get all users who have the specified permission on a resource.
         Returns a list of UserModel instances.
         """
-        from open_webui.models.users import Users, UserModel
         from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
+        from open_webui.models.users import UserModel, Users
 
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(

backend/open_webui/models/auths.py

@@ -1,14 +1,15 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import logging
 import uuid
 from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import select, delete, update
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from open_webui.internal.db import Base, JSONField, get_async_db_context
 from open_webui.models.users import User, UserModel, UserProfileImageResponse, Users
 from open_webui.utils.validate import validate_profile_image_url
 from pydantic import BaseModel, field_validator
-from sqlalchemy import Boolean, Column, String, Text
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean, Column, String, Text, delete, select, update
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -44,7 +45,7 @@ class Token(BaseModel):
 
 
 class ApiKey(BaseModel):
-    api_key: Optional[str] = None
+    api_key: str | None = None
 
 
 class SigninResponse(Token, UserProfileImageResponse):
@@ -74,18 +75,18 @@ class SignupForm(BaseModel):
     name: str
     email: str
     password: str
-    profile_image_url: Optional[str] = '/user.png'
+    profile_image_url: str | None = '/user.png'
 
     @field_validator('profile_image_url')
     @classmethod
-    def check_profile_image_url(cls, v: Optional[str]) -> Optional[str]:
+    def check_profile_image_url(cls, v: str | None) -> str | None:
         if v is not None:
             return validate_profile_image_url(v)
         return v
 
 
 class AddUserForm(SignupForm):
-    role: Optional[str] = 'pending'
+    role: str | None = 'pending'
 
 
 class AuthsTable:
@@ -96,9 +97,9 @@ class AuthsTable:
         name: str,
         profile_image_url: str = '/user.png',
         role: str = 'pending',
-        oauth: Optional[dict] = None,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
-    ) -> Optional[UserModel]:
+        oauth: dict | None = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
+    ) -> UserModel | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             log.info('insert_new_auth')
 
@@ -119,8 +120,8 @@ class AuthsTable:
                 return None
 
     async def authenticate_user(
-        self, email: str, verify_password: callable, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[UserModel]:
+        self, email: str, verify_password: callable, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> UserModel | None:
         log.info(f'authenticate_user: {email}')
 
         user = await Users.get_user_by_email(email, db=db)
@@ -141,9 +142,7 @@ class AuthsTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def authenticate_user_by_api_key(
-        self, api_key: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[UserModel]:
+    async def authenticate_user_by_api_key(self, api_key: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> UserModel | None:
         log.info(f'authenticate_user_by_api_key')
         # if no api_key, return None
         if not api_key:
@@ -155,7 +154,7 @@ class AuthsTable:
         except Exception:
             return False
 
-    async def authenticate_user_by_email(self, email: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[UserModel]:
+    async def authenticate_user_by_email(self, email: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> UserModel | None:
         log.info(f'authenticate_user_by_email: {email}')
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
@@ -171,7 +170,7 @@ class AuthsTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def update_user_password_by_id(self, id: str, new_password: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def update_user_password_by_id(self, id: str, new_password: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 result = await db.execute(update(Auth).filter_by(id=id).values(password=new_password))
@@ -180,7 +179,7 @@ class AuthsTable:
         except Exception:
             return False
 
-    async def update_email_by_id(self, id: str, email: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def update_email_by_id(self, id: str, email: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 result = await db.execute(update(Auth).filter_by(id=id).values(email=email))
@@ -192,7 +191,7 @@ class AuthsTable:
         except Exception:
             return False
 
-    async def delete_auth_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def delete_auth_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 # Delete User

backend/open_webui/models/automations.py

@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
-import time
 import logging
+import time
 from typing import Optional
 from uuid import uuid4
 
-from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
-from sqlalchemy import Column, Text, JSON, Boolean, BigInteger, Index, select, or_, func, cast, String, delete, update
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
-
 from open_webui.internal.db import Base, get_async_db_context
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
+from sqlalchemy import JSON, BigInteger, Boolean, Column, Index, String, Text, cast, delete, func, or_, select, update
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 

backend/open_webui/models/calendar.py

@@ -1,30 +1,29 @@
-import time
 import logging
+import time
 from typing import Optional
 from uuid import uuid4
 
-from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
-from sqlalchemy import (
-    Column,
-    Text,
-    JSON,
-    Boolean,
-    BigInteger,
-    Index,
-    UniqueConstraint,
-    select,
-    or_,
-    exists,
-    func,
-    delete,
-    update,
-)
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
-
 from open_webui.internal.db import Base, get_async_db_context
 from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrantModel, AccessGrants
 from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
 from open_webui.models.users import User, UserModel, UserResponse
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
+from sqlalchemy import (
+    JSON,
+    BigInteger,
+    Boolean,
+    Column,
+    Index,
+    Text,
+    UniqueConstraint,
+    delete,
+    exists,
+    func,
+    or_,
+    select,
+    update,
+)
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 

backend/open_webui/models/channels.py

@@ -4,31 +4,33 @@ import time
 import uuid
 from typing import Optional
 
-from open_webui.utils.validate import validate_profile_image_url
-
-from sqlalchemy import select, delete, update, func, case, or_, and_
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from open_webui.internal.db import Base, JSONField, get_async_db_context
-from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
 from open_webui.models.access_grants import (
     AccessGrantModel,
     AccessGrants,
 )
-
+from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
+from open_webui.utils.validate import validate_profile_image_url
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field, field_validator
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import JSONB
-
-
 from sqlalchemy import (
+    JSON,
     BigInteger,
     Boolean,
     Column,
     ForeignKey,
     String,
     Text,
-    JSON,
     UniqueConstraint,
+    and_,
+    case,
+    delete,
+    func,
+    or_,
+    select,
+    update,
 )
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import JSONB
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 ####################
 # Channel DB Schema

backend/open_webui/models/chat_messages.py

@@ -3,21 +3,24 @@ import time
 import uuid
 from typing import Any, Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import select, delete, func, cast, Integer
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from open_webui.internal.db import Base, get_async_db_context
 from open_webui.utils.response import normalize_usage
-
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
 from sqlalchemy import (
+    JSON,
     BigInteger,
     Boolean,
     Column,
     ForeignKey,
-    Text,
-    JSON,
     Index,
+    Integer,
+    Text,
+    cast,
+    delete,
+    func,
+    select,
 )
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 ####################
 # Helpers
@@ -579,6 +582,7 @@ class ChatMessageTable:
         """Get message counts grouped by day and model."""
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             from datetime import datetime, timedelta
+
             from open_webui.models.groups import GroupMember
 
             stmt = select(ChatMessage.created_at, ChatMessage.model_id).filter(

backend/open_webui/models/chats.py

@@ -1,32 +1,39 @@
-import logging
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import json
+import logging
 import time
 import uuid
 from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import select, delete, update, func, or_, and_, text
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
-from sqlalchemy.sql import exists
-from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import bindparam
 from open_webui.internal.db import Base, JSONField, get_async_db_context
-from open_webui.models.tags import TagModel, Tag, Tags
-from open_webui.models.folders import Folders
-from open_webui.models.chat_messages import ChatMessage, ChatMessages
 from open_webui.models.automations import AutomationRun
+from open_webui.models.chat_messages import ChatMessage, ChatMessages
+from open_webui.models.folders import Folders
+from open_webui.models.tags import Tag, TagModel, Tags
 from open_webui.utils.misc import sanitize_data_for_db, sanitize_text_for_db
-
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
 from sqlalchemy import (
+    JSON,
     BigInteger,
     Boolean,
     Column,
     ForeignKey,
+    Index,
     String,
     Text,
-    JSON,
-    Index,
     UniqueConstraint,
+    and_,
+    delete,
+    func,
+    or_,
+    select,
+    text,
+    update,
 )
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+from sqlalchemy.sql import exists
+from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import bindparam
 
 ####################
 # Chat DB Schema
@@ -81,17 +88,17 @@ class ChatModel(BaseModel):
     created_at: int  # timestamp in epoch
     updated_at: int  # timestamp in epoch
 
-    share_id: Optional[str] = None
+    share_id: str | None = None
     archived: bool = False
-    pinned: Optional[bool] = False
+    pinned: bool | None = False
 
     meta: dict = {}
-    folder_id: Optional[str] = None
+    folder_id: str | None = None
 
-    tasks: Optional[list] = None
-    summary: Optional[str] = None
+    tasks: list | None = None
+    summary: str | None = None
 
-    last_read_at: Optional[int] = None
+    last_read_at: int | None = None
 
 
 class ChatFile(Base):
@@ -115,7 +122,7 @@ class ChatFileModel(BaseModel):
     user_id: str
 
     chat_id: str
-    message_id: Optional[str] = None
+    message_id: str | None = None
     file_id: str
 
     created_at: int
@@ -131,14 +138,14 @@ class ChatFileModel(BaseModel):
 
 class ChatForm(BaseModel):
     chat: dict
-    folder_id: Optional[str] = None
+    folder_id: str | None = None
 
 
 class ChatImportForm(ChatForm):
-    meta: Optional[dict] = {}
-    pinned: Optional[bool] = False
-    created_at: Optional[int] = None
-    updated_at: Optional[int] = None
+    meta: dict | None = {}
+    pinned: bool | None = False
+    created_at: int | None = None
+    updated_at: int | None = None
 
 
 class ChatsImportForm(BaseModel):
@@ -161,14 +168,14 @@ class ChatResponse(BaseModel):
     chat: dict
     updated_at: int  # timestamp in epoch
     created_at: int  # timestamp in epoch
-    share_id: Optional[str] = None  # id of the chat to be shared
+    share_id: str | None = None  # id of the chat to be shared
     archived: bool
-    pinned: Optional[bool] = False
+    pinned: bool | None = False
     meta: dict = {}
-    folder_id: Optional[str] = None
+    folder_id: str | None = None
 
-    tasks: Optional[list] = None
-    summary: Optional[str] = None
+    tasks: list | None = None
+    summary: str | None = None
 
 
 class ChatTitleIdResponse(BaseModel):
@@ -176,13 +183,13 @@ class ChatTitleIdResponse(BaseModel):
     title: str
     updated_at: int
     created_at: int
-    last_read_at: Optional[int] = None
+    last_read_at: int | None = None
 
 
 class SharedChatResponse(BaseModel):
     id: str
     title: str
-    share_id: Optional[str] = None
+    share_id: str | None = None
     updated_at: int
     created_at: int
 
@@ -225,17 +232,17 @@ class ChatUsageStatsListResponse(BaseModel):
 class MessageStats(BaseModel):
     id: str
     role: str
-    model: Optional[str] = None
+    model: str | None = None
     content_length: int
-    token_count: Optional[int] = None
-    timestamp: Optional[int] = None
-    rating: Optional[int] = None  # Derived from message.annotation.rating
-    tags: Optional[list[str]] = None  # Derived from message.annotation.tags
+    token_count: int | None = None
+    timestamp: int | None = None
+    rating: int | None = None  # Derived from message.annotation.rating
+    tags: list[str | None] = None  # Derived from message.annotation.tags
 
 
 class ChatHistoryStats(BaseModel):
     messages: dict[str, MessageStats]
-    currentId: Optional[str] = None
+    currentId: str | None = None
 
 
 class ChatBody(BaseModel):
@@ -293,8 +300,8 @@ class ChatTable:
         return changed
 
     async def insert_new_chat(
-        self, id: str, user_id: str, form_data: ChatForm, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[ChatModel]:
+        self, id: str, user_id: str, form_data: ChatForm, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> ChatModel | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             chat = ChatModel(
                 **{
@@ -353,7 +360,7 @@ class ChatTable:
         self,
         user_id: str,
         chat_import_forms: list[ChatImportForm],
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
     ) -> list[ChatModel]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             chats = []
@@ -383,7 +390,7 @@ class ChatTable:
 
             return [ChatModel.model_validate(chat) for chat in chats]
 
-    async def update_chat_by_id(self, id: str, chat: dict, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[ChatModel]:
+    async def update_chat_by_id(self, id: str, chat: dict, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> ChatModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 chat_item = await db.get(Chat, id)
@@ -398,7 +405,7 @@ class ChatTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def update_chat_last_read_at_by_id(self, id: str, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def update_chat_last_read_at_by_id(self, id: str, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 chat = await db.get(Chat, id)
@@ -410,7 +417,7 @@ class ChatTable:
         except Exception:
             return False
 
-    async def update_chat_title_by_id(self, id: str, title: str) -> Optional[ChatModel]:
+    async def update_chat_title_by_id(self, id: str, title: str) -> ChatModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context() as db:
                 chat_item = await db.get(Chat, id)
@@ -426,7 +433,7 @@ class ChatTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def update_chat_tags_by_id(self, id: str, tags: list[str], user) -> Optional[ChatModel]:
+    async def update_chat_tags_by_id(self, id: str, tags: list[str], user) -> ChatModel | None:
         async with get_async_db_context() as db:
             chat = await db.get(Chat, id)
             if chat is None:
@@ -451,7 +458,7 @@ class ChatTable:
 
             return ChatModel.model_validate(chat)
 
-    async def get_chat_title_by_id(self, id: str) -> Optional[str]:
+    async def get_chat_title_by_id(self, id: str) -> str | None:
         async with get_async_db_context() as db:
             result = await db.execute(select(Chat.title).filter_by(id=id))
             row = result.first()
@@ -488,7 +495,7 @@ class ChatTable:
             except Exception as e:
                 log.warning('Backfill failed for message %s in chat %s: %s', message_id, chat_id, e)
 
-    async def get_messages_map_by_chat_id(self, id: str) -> Optional[dict]:
+    async def get_messages_map_by_chat_id(self, id: str) -> dict | None:
         """Message map for walking history (see ``get_message_list``).
 
         Prefer ``chat_message`` rows to avoid loading the large embedded
@@ -541,7 +548,7 @@ class ChatTable:
 
         return history_messages
 
-    async def get_message_by_id_and_message_id(self, id: str, message_id: str) -> Optional[dict]:
+    async def get_message_by_id_and_message_id(self, id: str, message_id: str) -> dict | None:
         chat = await self.get_chat_by_id(id)
         if chat is None:
             return None
@@ -550,7 +557,7 @@ class ChatTable:
 
     async def upsert_message_to_chat_by_id_and_message_id(
         self, id: str, message_id: str, message: dict
-    ) -> Optional[ChatModel]:
+    ) -> ChatModel | None:
         chat = await self.get_chat_by_id(id)
         if chat is None:
             return None
@@ -590,7 +597,7 @@ class ChatTable:
 
     async def add_message_status_to_chat_by_id_and_message_id(
         self, id: str, message_id: str, status: dict
-    ) -> Optional[ChatModel]:
+    ) -> ChatModel | None:
         chat = await self.get_chat_by_id(id)
         if chat is None:
             return None
@@ -626,9 +633,7 @@ class ChatTable:
             await self.update_chat_by_id(id, chat, db=db)
             return message_files
 
-    async def insert_shared_chat_by_chat_id(
-        self, chat_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[ChatModel]:
+    async def insert_shared_chat_by_chat_id(self, chat_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> ChatModel | None:
         """Create a shared snapshot for a chat. Returns the original chat with share_id set."""
         from open_webui.models.shared_chats import SharedChats
 
@@ -651,9 +656,7 @@ class ChatTable:
             await db.refresh(chat)
             return ChatModel.model_validate(chat)
 
-    async def update_shared_chat_by_chat_id(
-        self, chat_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[ChatModel]:
+    async def update_shared_chat_by_chat_id(self, chat_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> ChatModel | None:
         """Re-snapshot the shared chat with current chat data."""
         from open_webui.models.shared_chats import SharedChats
 
@@ -668,7 +671,7 @@ class ChatTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def delete_shared_chat_by_chat_id(self, chat_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def delete_shared_chat_by_chat_id(self, chat_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         """Delete shared snapshot for a chat."""
         from open_webui.models.shared_chats import SharedChats
 
@@ -677,7 +680,7 @@ class ChatTable:
         except Exception:
             return False
 
-    async def unarchive_all_chats_by_user_id(self, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def unarchive_all_chats_by_user_id(self, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 await db.execute(update(Chat).filter_by(user_id=user_id).values(archived=False))
@@ -687,8 +690,8 @@ class ChatTable:
             return False
 
     async def update_chat_share_id_by_id(
-        self, id: str, share_id: Optional[str], db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[ChatModel]:
+        self, id: str, share_id: str | None, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> ChatModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 chat = await db.get(Chat, id)
@@ -699,7 +702,7 @@ class ChatTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def toggle_chat_pinned_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[ChatModel]:
+    async def toggle_chat_pinned_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> ChatModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 chat = await db.get(Chat, id)
@@ -711,7 +714,7 @@ class ChatTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def toggle_chat_archive_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[ChatModel]:
+    async def toggle_chat_archive_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> ChatModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 chat = await db.get(Chat, id)
@@ -724,7 +727,7 @@ class ChatTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def archive_all_chats_by_user_id(self, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def archive_all_chats_by_user_id(self, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 await db.execute(update(Chat).filter_by(user_id=user_id).values(archived=True))
@@ -736,10 +739,10 @@ class ChatTable:
     async def get_archived_chat_list_by_user_id(
         self,
         user_id: str,
-        filter: Optional[dict] = None,
+        filter: dict | None = None,
         skip: int = 0,
         limit: int = 50,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
     ) -> list[ChatTitleIdResponse]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             stmt = select(Chat.id, Chat.title, Chat.updated_at, Chat.created_at).filter_by(
@@ -789,10 +792,10 @@ class ChatTable:
     async def get_shared_chat_list_by_user_id(
         self,
         user_id: str,
-        filter: Optional[dict] = None,
+        filter: dict | None = None,
         skip: int = 0,
         limit: int = 50,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
     ) -> list[SharedChatResponse]:
         """Delegate to SharedChats for listing shared chats by user."""
         from open_webui.models.shared_chats import SharedChats
@@ -803,10 +806,10 @@ class ChatTable:
         self,
         user_id: str,
         include_archived: bool = False,
-        filter: Optional[dict] = None,
+        filter: dict | None = None,
         skip: int = 0,
         limit: int = 50,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
     ) -> list[ChatTitleIdResponse]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             stmt = select(Chat.id, Chat.title, Chat.updated_at, Chat.created_at, Chat.last_read_at).filter_by(
@@ -859,9 +862,9 @@ class ChatTable:
         include_archived: bool = False,
         include_folders: bool = False,
         include_pinned: bool = False,
-        skip: Optional[int] = None,
-        limit: Optional[int] = None,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
+        skip: int | None = None,
+        limit: int | None = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
     ) -> list[ChatTitleIdResponse]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             stmt = select(Chat.id, Chat.title, Chat.updated_at, Chat.created_at, Chat.last_read_at).filter_by(
@@ -905,7 +908,7 @@ class ChatTable:
         chat_ids: list[str],
         skip: int = 0,
         limit: int = 50,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
     ) -> list[ChatModel]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(
@@ -914,7 +917,7 @@ class ChatTable:
             all_chats = result.scalars().all()
             return [ChatModel.model_validate(chat) for chat in all_chats]
 
-    async def get_chat_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[ChatModel]:
+    async def get_chat_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> ChatModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 chat_item = await db.get(Chat, id)
@@ -929,7 +932,7 @@ class ChatTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def get_chat_by_share_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[ChatModel]:
+    async def get_chat_by_share_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> ChatModel | None:
         """Look up a shared chat snapshot by its share token."""
         from open_webui.models.shared_chats import SharedChats
 
@@ -951,8 +954,8 @@ class ChatTable:
             return None
 
     async def get_chat_by_id_and_user_id(
-        self, id: str, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[ChatModel]:
+        self, id: str, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> ChatModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 result = await db.execute(select(Chat).filter_by(id=id, user_id=user_id))
@@ -961,7 +964,7 @@ class ChatTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def is_chat_owner(self, id: str, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def is_chat_owner(self, id: str, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         """
         Lightweight ownership check — uses EXISTS subquery instead of loading
         the full Chat row (which includes the potentially large JSON blob).
@@ -973,7 +976,7 @@ class ChatTable:
         except Exception:
             return False
 
-    async def get_chat_folder_id(self, id: str, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[str]:
+    async def get_chat_folder_id(self, id: str, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> str | None:
         """
         Fetch only the folder_id column for a chat, without loading the full
         JSON blob. Returns None if chat doesn't exist or doesn't belong to user.
@@ -986,7 +989,7 @@ class ChatTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def get_chats(self, skip: int = 0, limit: int = 50, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[ChatModel]:
+    async def get_chats(self, skip: int = 0, limit: int = 50, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[ChatModel]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(select(Chat).order_by(Chat.updated_at.desc()))
             all_chats = result.scalars().all()
@@ -995,10 +998,10 @@ class ChatTable:
     async def get_chats_by_user_id(
         self,
         user_id: str,
-        filter: Optional[dict] = None,
-        skip: Optional[int] = None,
-        limit: Optional[int] = None,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
+        filter: dict | None = None,
+        skip: int | None = None,
+        limit: int | None = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
     ) -> ChatListResponse:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             stmt = select(Chat).filter_by(user_id=user_id)
@@ -1041,7 +1044,7 @@ class ChatTable:
             )
 
     async def get_pinned_chats_by_user_id(
-        self, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
+        self, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None
     ) -> list[ChatTitleIdResponse]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(
@@ -1063,7 +1066,7 @@ class ChatTable:
                 for chat in all_chats
             ]
 
-    async def get_archived_chats_by_user_id(self, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[ChatModel]:
+    async def get_archived_chats_by_user_id(self, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[ChatModel]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(
                 select(Chat).filter_by(user_id=user_id, archived=True).order_by(Chat.updated_at.desc())
@@ -1077,7 +1080,7 @@ class ChatTable:
         include_archived: bool = False,
         skip: int = 0,
         limit: int = 60,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
     ) -> list[ChatModel]:
         """
         Filters chats based on a search query using Python, allowing pagination using skip and limit.
@@ -1270,7 +1273,7 @@ class ChatTable:
         user_id: str,
         skip: int = 0,
         limit: int = 60,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
     ) -> list[ChatTitleIdResponse]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             stmt = (
@@ -1302,7 +1305,7 @@ class ChatTable:
             ]
 
     async def get_chats_by_folder_ids_and_user_id(
-        self, folder_ids: list[str], user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
+        self, folder_ids: list[str], user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None
     ) -> list[ChatModel]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             stmt = (
@@ -1318,8 +1321,8 @@ class ChatTable:
             return [ChatModel.model_validate(chat) for chat in all_chats]
 
     async def update_chat_folder_id_by_id_and_user_id(
-        self, id: str, user_id: str, folder_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[ChatModel]:
+        self, id: str, user_id: str, folder_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> ChatModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 chat = await db.get(Chat, id)
@@ -1333,7 +1336,7 @@ class ChatTable:
             return None
 
     async def get_chat_tags_by_id_and_user_id(
-        self, id: str, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
+        self, id: str, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None
     ) -> list[TagModel]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             stmt = select(Chat.meta).where(Chat.id == id)
@@ -1348,7 +1351,7 @@ class ChatTable:
         tag_name: str,
         skip: int = 0,
         limit: int = 50,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
     ) -> list[ChatTitleIdResponse]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             stmt = select(Chat.id, Chat.title, Chat.updated_at, Chat.created_at, Chat.last_read_at).filter_by(
@@ -1393,8 +1396,8 @@ class ChatTable:
             ]
 
     async def add_chat_tag_by_id_and_user_id_and_tag_name(
-        self, id: str, user_id: str, tag_name: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[ChatModel]:
+        self, id: str, user_id: str, tag_name: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> ChatModel | None:
         tag_id = tag_name.replace(' ', '_').lower()
         await Tags.ensure_tags_exist([tag_name], user_id, db=db)
         try:
@@ -1412,7 +1415,7 @@ class ChatTable:
             return None
 
     async def count_chats_by_tag_name_and_user_id(
-        self, tag_name: str, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
+        self, tag_name: str, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None
     ) -> int:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             stmt = select(func.count(Chat.id)).filter_by(user_id=user_id, archived=False)
@@ -1439,7 +1442,7 @@ class ChatTable:
         tag_ids: list[str],
         user_id: str,
         threshold: int = 0,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
     ) -> None:
         """Delete tag rows from *tag_ids* that appear in at most *threshold*
         non-archived chats for *user_id*.  One query to find orphans, one to
@@ -1460,7 +1463,7 @@ class ChatTable:
             await Tags.delete_tags_by_ids_and_user_id(orphans, user_id, db=db)
 
     async def count_chats_by_folder_id_and_user_id(
-        self, folder_id: str, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
+        self, folder_id: str, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None
     ) -> int:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(select(func.count(Chat.id)).filter_by(user_id=user_id, folder_id=folder_id))
@@ -1470,7 +1473,7 @@ class ChatTable:
             return count
 
     async def delete_tag_by_id_and_user_id_and_tag_name(
-        self, id: str, user_id: str, tag_name: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
+        self, id: str, user_id: str, tag_name: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None
     ) -> bool:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
@@ -1488,7 +1491,7 @@ class ChatTable:
         except Exception:
             return False
 
-    async def delete_all_tags_by_id_and_user_id(self, id: str, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def delete_all_tags_by_id_and_user_id(self, id: str, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 chat = await db.get(Chat, id)
@@ -1502,7 +1505,7 @@ class ChatTable:
         except Exception:
             return False
 
-    async def delete_chat_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def delete_chat_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 await db.execute(update(AutomationRun).filter_by(chat_id=id).values(chat_id=None))
@@ -1514,7 +1517,7 @@ class ChatTable:
         except Exception:
             return False
 
-    async def delete_chat_by_id_and_user_id(self, id: str, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def delete_chat_by_id_and_user_id(self, id: str, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 await db.execute(update(AutomationRun).filter_by(chat_id=id).values(chat_id=None))
@@ -1526,7 +1529,7 @@ class ChatTable:
         except Exception:
             return False
 
-    async def delete_chats_by_user_id(self, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def delete_chats_by_user_id(self, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 await self.delete_shared_chats_by_user_id(user_id, db=db)
@@ -1548,7 +1551,7 @@ class ChatTable:
             return False
 
     async def delete_chats_by_user_id_and_folder_id(
-        self, user_id: str, folder_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
+        self, user_id: str, folder_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None
     ) -> bool:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
@@ -1568,8 +1571,8 @@ class ChatTable:
         self,
         user_id: str,
         folder_id: str,
-        new_folder_id: Optional[str],
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
+        new_folder_id: str | None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
     ) -> bool:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
@@ -1582,9 +1585,10 @@ class ChatTable:
         except Exception:
             return False
 
-    async def delete_shared_chats_by_user_id(self, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def delete_shared_chats_by_user_id(self, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         """Delete all shared chat snapshots created by a user."""
-        from open_webui.models.shared_chats import SharedChats, SharedChat as SharedChatTable
+        from open_webui.models.shared_chats import SharedChat as SharedChatTable
+        from open_webui.models.shared_chats import SharedChats
 
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
@@ -1605,8 +1609,8 @@ class ChatTable:
         message_id: str,
         file_ids: list[str],
         user_id: str,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
-    ) -> Optional[list[ChatFileModel]]:
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
+    ) -> list[ChatFileModel | None]:
         if not file_ids:
             return None
 
@@ -1645,7 +1649,7 @@ class ChatTable:
             return None
 
     async def get_chat_files_by_chat_id_and_message_id(
-        self, chat_id: str, message_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
+        self, chat_id: str, message_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None
     ) -> list[ChatFileModel]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(
@@ -1654,7 +1658,7 @@ class ChatTable:
             all_chat_files = result.scalars().all()
             return [ChatFileModel.model_validate(chat_file) for chat_file in all_chat_files]
 
-    async def delete_chat_file(self, chat_id: str, file_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def delete_chat_file(self, chat_id: str, file_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 await db.execute(delete(ChatFile).filter_by(chat_id=chat_id, file_id=file_id))
@@ -1663,7 +1667,7 @@ class ChatTable:
         except Exception:
             return False
 
-    async def get_shared_chat_ids_by_file_id(self, file_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[str]:
+    async def get_shared_chat_ids_by_file_id(self, file_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[str]:
         """Return IDs of chats that contain this file and have an active share link."""
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(
@@ -1673,7 +1677,7 @@ class ChatTable:
             )
             return [row[0] for row in result.all()]
 
-    async def update_chat_tasks_by_id(self, id: str, tasks: list[dict]) -> Optional[ChatModel]:
+    async def update_chat_tasks_by_id(self, id: str, tasks: list[dict]) -> ChatModel | None:
         """Update the tasks list on a chat."""
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context() as db:

backend/open_webui/models/feedbacks.py

@@ -3,13 +3,11 @@ import time
 import uuid
 from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import select, delete, func
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from open_webui.internal.db import Base, JSONField, get_async_db_context
 from open_webui.models.users import User, UserModel
-
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
-from sqlalchemy import BigInteger, Column, Text, JSON, Boolean
+from sqlalchemy import JSON, BigInteger, Boolean, Column, Text, delete, func, select
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -319,8 +317,8 @@ class FeedbackTable:
         If days=0, returns all time data starting from first feedback.
         Returns: [{"date": "2026-01-08", "won": 5, "lost": 2}, ...]
         """
-        from datetime import datetime, timedelta
         from collections import defaultdict
+        from datetime import datetime, timedelta
 
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             if days == 0:

backend/open_webui/models/files.py

@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import logging
 import time
 from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import select, delete, func
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from open_webui.internal.db import Base, JSONField, get_async_db_context
 from open_webui.utils.misc import sanitize_metadata
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, model_validator
-from sqlalchemy import BigInteger, Column, String, Text, JSON
+from sqlalchemy import JSON, BigInteger, Column, String, Text, delete, func, select
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -39,16 +40,16 @@ class FileModel(BaseModel):
 
     id: str
     user_id: str
-    hash: Optional[str] = None
+    hash: str | None = None
 
     filename: str
-    path: Optional[str] = None
+    path: str | None = None
 
-    data: Optional[dict] = None
-    meta: Optional[dict] = None
+    data: dict | None = None
+    meta: dict | None = None
 
-    created_at: Optional[int]  # timestamp in epoch
-    updated_at: Optional[int]  # timestamp in epoch
+    created_at: int | None  # timestamp in epoch
+    updated_at: int | None  # timestamp in epoch
 
 
 ####################
@@ -57,9 +58,9 @@ class FileModel(BaseModel):
 
 
 class FileMeta(BaseModel):
-    name: Optional[str] = None
-    content_type: Optional[str] = None
-    size: Optional[int] = None
+    name: str | None = None
+    content_type: str | None = None
+    size: int | None = None
 
     model_config = ConfigDict(extra='allow')
 
@@ -84,22 +85,22 @@ class FileMeta(BaseModel):
 class FileModelResponse(BaseModel):
     id: str
     user_id: str
-    hash: Optional[str] = None
+    hash: str | None = None
 
     filename: str
-    data: Optional[dict] = None
-    meta: Optional[FileMeta] = None
+    data: dict | None = None
+    meta: FileMeta | None = None
 
     created_at: int  # timestamp in epoch
-    updated_at: Optional[int] = None  # timestamp in epoch, optional for legacy files
+    updated_at: int | None = None  # timestamp in epoch, optional for legacy files
 
     model_config = ConfigDict(extra='allow')
 
 
 class FileMetadataResponse(BaseModel):
     id: str
-    hash: Optional[str] = None
-    meta: Optional[dict] = None
+    hash: str | None = None
+    meta: dict | None = None
     created_at: int  # timestamp in epoch
     updated_at: int  # timestamp in epoch
 
@@ -111,7 +112,7 @@ class FileListResponse(BaseModel):
 
 class FileForm(BaseModel):
     id: str
-    hash: Optional[str] = None
+    hash: str | None = None
     filename: str
     path: str
     data: dict = {}
@@ -119,15 +120,15 @@ class FileForm(BaseModel):
 
 
 class FileUpdateForm(BaseModel):
-    hash: Optional[str] = None
-    data: Optional[dict] = None
-    meta: Optional[dict] = None
+    hash: str | None = None
+    data: dict | None = None
+    meta: dict | None = None
 
 
 class FilesTable:
     async def insert_new_file(
-        self, user_id: str, form_data: FileForm, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[FileModel]:
+        self, user_id: str, form_data: FileForm, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> FileModel | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             file_data = form_data.model_dump()
 
@@ -158,7 +159,7 @@ class FilesTable:
                 log.exception(f'Error inserting a new file: {e}')
                 return None
 
-    async def get_file_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[FileModel]:
+    async def get_file_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> FileModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 try:
@@ -170,8 +171,8 @@ class FilesTable:
             return None
 
     async def get_file_by_id_and_user_id(
-        self, id: str, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[FileModel]:
+        self, id: str, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> FileModel | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             try:
                 result = await db.execute(select(File).filter_by(id=id, user_id=user_id))
@@ -183,9 +184,7 @@ class FilesTable:
             except Exception:
                 return None
 
-    async def get_file_metadata_by_id(
-        self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[FileMetadataResponse]:
+    async def get_file_metadata_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> FileMetadataResponse | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             try:
                 file = await db.get(File, id)
@@ -201,12 +200,12 @@ class FilesTable:
             except Exception:
                 return None
 
-    async def get_files(self, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[FileModel]:
+    async def get_files(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[FileModel]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(select(File))
             return [FileModel.model_validate(file) for file in result.scalars().all()]
 
-    async def check_access_by_user_id(self, id, user_id, permission='write', db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def check_access_by_user_id(self, id, user_id, permission='write', db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         file = await self.get_file_by_id(id, db=db)
         if not file:
             return False
@@ -215,13 +214,13 @@ class FilesTable:
         # Implement additional access control logic here as needed
         return False
 
-    async def get_files_by_ids(self, ids: list[str], db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[FileModel]:
+    async def get_files_by_ids(self, ids: list[str], db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[FileModel]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(select(File).filter(File.id.in_(ids)).order_by(File.updated_at.desc()))
             return [FileModel.model_validate(file) for file in result.scalars().all()]
 
     async def get_file_metadatas_by_ids(
-        self, ids: list[str], db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
+        self, ids: list[str], db: AsyncSession | None = None
     ) -> list[FileMetadataResponse]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(
@@ -240,17 +239,17 @@ class FilesTable:
                 for row in result.all()
             ]
 
-    async def get_files_by_user_id(self, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[FileModel]:
+    async def get_files_by_user_id(self, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[FileModel]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(select(File).filter_by(user_id=user_id))
             return [FileModel.model_validate(file) for file in result.scalars().all()]
 
     async def get_file_list(
         self,
-        user_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        user_id: str | None = None,
         skip: int = 0,
         limit: int = 50,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
     ) -> 'FileListResponse':
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             stmt = select(File)
@@ -290,11 +289,11 @@ class FilesTable:
 
     async def search_files(
         self,
-        user_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        user_id: str | None = None,
         filename: str = '*',
         skip: int = 0,
         limit: int = 100,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
     ) -> list[FileModel]:
         """
         Search files with glob pattern matching, optional user filter, and pagination.
@@ -323,8 +322,8 @@ class FilesTable:
             return [FileModel.model_validate(file) for file in result.scalars().all()]
 
     async def update_file_by_id(
-        self, id: str, form_data: FileUpdateForm, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[FileModel]:
+        self, id: str, form_data: FileUpdateForm, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> FileModel | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             try:
                 result = await db.execute(select(File).filter_by(id=id))
@@ -347,8 +346,8 @@ class FilesTable:
                 return None
 
     async def update_file_hash_by_id(
-        self, id: str, hash: Optional[str], db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[FileModel]:
+        self, id: str, hash: str | None, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> FileModel | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             try:
                 result = await db.execute(select(File).filter_by(id=id))
@@ -361,9 +360,7 @@ class FilesTable:
             except Exception:
                 return None
 
-    async def update_file_data_by_id(
-        self, id: str, data: dict, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[FileModel]:
+    async def update_file_data_by_id(self, id: str, data: dict, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> FileModel | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             try:
                 result = await db.execute(select(File).filter_by(id=id))
@@ -375,9 +372,7 @@ class FilesTable:
             except Exception as e:
                 return None
 
-    async def update_file_metadata_by_id(
-        self, id: str, meta: dict, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[FileModel]:
+    async def update_file_metadata_by_id(self, id: str, meta: dict, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> FileModel | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             try:
                 result = await db.execute(select(File).filter_by(id=id))
@@ -389,7 +384,7 @@ class FilesTable:
             except Exception:
                 return None
 
-    async def delete_file_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def delete_file_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             try:
                 await db.execute(delete(File).filter_by(id=id))
@@ -399,7 +394,7 @@ class FilesTable:
             except Exception:
                 return False
 
-    async def delete_all_files(self, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def delete_all_files(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             try:
                 await db.execute(delete(File))

backend/open_webui/models/folders.py

@@ -1,15 +1,13 @@
 import logging
+import re
 import time
 import uuid
 from typing import Optional
-import re
-
-
-from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
-from sqlalchemy import BigInteger, Column, Text, JSON, Boolean, func, select, delete
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 from open_webui.internal.db import Base, JSONField, get_async_db_context
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
+from sqlalchemy import JSON, BigInteger, Boolean, Column, Text, delete, func, select
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 

backend/open_webui/models/functions.py

@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import logging
 import time
 from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import select, delete, update
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from open_webui.internal.db import Base, JSONField, get_async_db_context
-from open_webui.models.users import Users, UserModel, UserResponse
+from open_webui.models.users import UserModel, UserResponse, Users
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
-from sqlalchemy import BigInteger, Boolean, Column, String, Text, Index
+from sqlalchemy import BigInteger, Boolean, Column, Index, String, Text, delete, select, update
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -37,8 +38,8 @@ class Function(Base):
 
 
 class FunctionMeta(BaseModel):
-    description: Optional[str] = None
-    manifest: Optional[dict] = {}
+    description: str | None = None
+    manifest: dict | None = {}
     model_config = ConfigDict(extra='allow')
 
 
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ class FunctionWithValvesModel(BaseModel):
     type: str
     content: str
     meta: FunctionMeta
-    valves: Optional[dict] = None
+    valves: dict | None = None
     is_active: bool = False
     is_global: bool = False
     updated_at: int  # timestamp in epoch
@@ -93,7 +94,7 @@ class FunctionResponse(BaseModel):
 
 
 class FunctionUserResponse(FunctionResponse):
-    user: Optional[UserResponse] = None
+    user: UserResponse | None = None
 
 
 class FunctionForm(BaseModel):
@@ -104,7 +105,7 @@ class FunctionForm(BaseModel):
 
 
 class FunctionValves(BaseModel):
-    valves: Optional[dict] = None
+    valves: dict | None = None
 
 
 class FunctionsTable:
@@ -113,8 +114,8 @@ class FunctionsTable:
         user_id: str,
         type: str,
         form_data: FunctionForm,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
-    ) -> Optional[FunctionModel]:
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
+    ) -> FunctionModel | None:
         function = FunctionModel(
             **{
                 **form_data.model_dump(),
@@ -143,7 +144,7 @@ class FunctionsTable:
         self,
         user_id: str,
         functions: list[FunctionWithValvesModel],
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
     ) -> list[FunctionWithValvesModel]:
         # Synchronize functions for a user by updating existing ones, inserting new ones, and removing those that are no longer present.
         try:
@@ -191,7 +192,7 @@ class FunctionsTable:
             log.exception(f'Error syncing functions for user {user_id}: {e}')
             return []
 
-    async def get_function_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[FunctionModel]:
+    async def get_function_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> FunctionModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 function = await db.get(Function, id)
@@ -199,7 +200,7 @@ class FunctionsTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def get_functions_by_ids(self, ids: list[str], db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[FunctionModel]:
+    async def get_functions_by_ids(self, ids: list[str], db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[FunctionModel]:
         """
         Batch fetch multiple functions by their IDs in a single query.
         Returns functions in the same order as the input IDs (None entries filtered out).
@@ -218,7 +219,7 @@ class FunctionsTable:
             return []
 
     async def get_functions(
-        self, active_only=False, include_valves=False, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
+        self, active_only=False, include_valves=False, db: AsyncSession | None = None
     ) -> list[FunctionModel | FunctionWithValvesModel]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             if active_only:
@@ -233,7 +234,7 @@ class FunctionsTable:
             else:
                 return [FunctionModel.model_validate(function) for function in functions]
 
-    async def get_function_list(self, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[FunctionUserResponse]:
+    async def get_function_list(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[FunctionUserResponse]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(select(Function).order_by(Function.updated_at.desc()))
             functions = result.scalars().all()
@@ -262,7 +263,7 @@ class FunctionsTable:
             ]
 
     async def get_functions_by_type(
-        self, type: str, active_only=False, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
+        self, type: str, active_only=False, db: AsyncSession | None = None
     ) -> list[FunctionModel]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             if active_only:
@@ -271,17 +272,17 @@ class FunctionsTable:
                 result = await db.execute(select(Function).filter_by(type=type))
             return [FunctionModel.model_validate(function) for function in result.scalars().all()]
 
-    async def get_global_filter_functions(self, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[FunctionModel]:
+    async def get_global_filter_functions(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[FunctionModel]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(select(Function).filter_by(type='filter', is_active=True, is_global=True))
             return [FunctionModel.model_validate(function) for function in result.scalars().all()]
 
-    async def get_global_action_functions(self, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[FunctionModel]:
+    async def get_global_action_functions(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[FunctionModel]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(select(Function).filter_by(type='action', is_active=True, is_global=True))
             return [FunctionModel.model_validate(function) for function in result.scalars().all()]
 
-    async def get_function_valves_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[dict]:
+    async def get_function_valves_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> dict | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             try:
                 function = await db.get(Function, id)
@@ -290,7 +291,7 @@ class FunctionsTable:
                 log.exception(f'Error getting function valves by id {id}: {e}')
                 return None
 
-    async def get_function_valves_by_ids(self, ids: list[str], db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> dict[str, dict]:
+    async def get_function_valves_by_ids(self, ids: list[str], db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> dict[str, dict]:
         """
         Batch fetch valves for multiple functions in a single query.
         Returns a dict mapping function_id -> valves dict.
@@ -308,8 +309,8 @@ class FunctionsTable:
             return {}
 
     async def update_function_valves_by_id(
-        self, id: str, valves: dict, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[FunctionValves]:
+        self, id: str, valves: dict, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> FunctionValves | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             try:
                 function = await db.get(Function, id)
@@ -322,8 +323,8 @@ class FunctionsTable:
                 return None
 
     async def update_function_metadata_by_id(
-        self, id: str, metadata: dict, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[FunctionModel]:
+        self, id: str, metadata: dict, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> FunctionModel | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             try:
                 function = await db.get(Function, id)
@@ -345,8 +346,8 @@ class FunctionsTable:
                 return None
 
     async def get_user_valves_by_id_and_user_id(
-        self, id: str, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[dict]:
+        self, id: str, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> dict | None:
         try:
             user = await Users.get_user_by_id(user_id, db=db)
             user_settings = user.settings.model_dump() if user.settings else {}
@@ -363,8 +364,8 @@ class FunctionsTable:
             return None
 
     async def update_user_valves_by_id_and_user_id(
-        self, id: str, user_id: str, valves: dict, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[dict]:
+        self, id: str, user_id: str, valves: dict, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> dict | None:
         try:
             user = await Users.get_user_by_id(user_id, db=db)
             user_settings = user.settings.model_dump() if user.settings else {}
@@ -386,8 +387,8 @@ class FunctionsTable:
             return None
 
     async def update_function_by_id(
-        self, id: str, updated: dict, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[FunctionModel]:
+        self, id: str, updated: dict, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> FunctionModel | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             try:
                 await db.execute(
@@ -404,7 +405,7 @@ class FunctionsTable:
             except Exception:
                 return None
 
-    async def deactivate_all_functions(self, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[bool]:
+    async def deactivate_all_functions(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             try:
                 await db.execute(
@@ -418,7 +419,7 @@ class FunctionsTable:
             except Exception:
                 return None
 
-    async def delete_function_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def delete_function_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             try:
                 await db.execute(delete(Function).filter_by(id=id))

backend/open_webui/models/groups.py

@@ -1,25 +1,29 @@
 import json
 import logging
 import time
-from typing import Optional
 import uuid
+from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import select, delete, update, func, and_, or_, cast, String
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
-from open_webui.internal.db import Base, JSONField, get_async_db_context
 from open_webui.env import DEFAULT_GROUP_SHARE_PERMISSION
-
+from open_webui.internal.db import Base, JSONField, get_async_db_context
 from open_webui.models.files import FileMetadataResponse
-
-
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
 from sqlalchemy import (
+    JSON,
     BigInteger,
     Column,
-    Text,
-    JSON,
     ForeignKey,
+    String,
+    Text,
+    and_,
+    cast,
+    delete,
+    func,
+    or_,
+    select,
+    update,
 )
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 

backend/open_webui/models/knowledge.py

@@ -1,34 +1,36 @@
 import json
 import logging
 import time
-from typing import Optional
 import uuid
+from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import select, delete, update, or_, func, cast
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from open_webui.internal.db import Base, JSONField, get_async_db_context
-
+from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrantModel, AccessGrants
 from open_webui.models.files import (
     File,
-    FileModel,
     FileMetadataResponse,
+    FileModel,
     FileModelResponse,
 )
 from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
-from open_webui.models.users import User, UserModel, Users, UserResponse
-from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrantModel, AccessGrants
-
-
+from open_webui.models.users import User, UserModel, UserResponse, Users
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
 from sqlalchemy import (
+    JSON,
     BigInteger,
     Column,
     ForeignKey,
     String,
     Text,
-    JSON,
     UniqueConstraint,
+    cast,
+    delete,
+    func,
+    or_,
+    select,
+    update,
 )
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 

backend/open_webui/models/memories.py

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import time
 import uuid
 from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import select, delete
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from open_webui.internal.db import Base, get_async_db_context
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
-from sqlalchemy import BigInteger, Column, String, Text
+from sqlalchemy import BigInteger, Column, String, Text, delete, select
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 ####################
 # Memory DB Schema
@@ -45,8 +46,8 @@ class MemoriesTable:
         self,
         user_id: str,
         content: str,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
-    ) -> Optional[MemoryModel]:
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
+    ) -> MemoryModel | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             id = str(uuid.uuid4())
 
@@ -73,8 +74,8 @@ class MemoriesTable:
         id: str,
         user_id: str,
         content: str,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
-    ) -> Optional[MemoryModel]:
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
+    ) -> MemoryModel | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             try:
                 memory = await db.get(Memory, id)
@@ -90,7 +91,7 @@ class MemoriesTable:
             except Exception:
                 return None
 
-    async def get_memories(self, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[MemoryModel]:
+    async def get_memories(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[MemoryModel]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             try:
                 result = await db.execute(select(Memory))
@@ -99,7 +100,7 @@ class MemoriesTable:
             except Exception:
                 return None
 
-    async def get_memories_by_user_id(self, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[MemoryModel]:
+    async def get_memories_by_user_id(self, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[MemoryModel]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             try:
                 result = await db.execute(select(Memory).filter_by(user_id=user_id))
@@ -108,7 +109,7 @@ class MemoriesTable:
             except Exception:
                 return None
 
-    async def get_memory_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[MemoryModel]:
+    async def get_memory_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> MemoryModel | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             try:
                 memory = await db.get(Memory, id)
@@ -116,7 +117,7 @@ class MemoriesTable:
             except Exception:
                 return None
 
-    async def delete_memory_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def delete_memory_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             try:
                 await db.execute(delete(Memory).filter_by(id=id))
@@ -127,7 +128,7 @@ class MemoriesTable:
             except Exception:
                 return False
 
-    async def delete_memories_by_user_id(self, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def delete_memories_by_user_id(self, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             try:
                 await db.execute(delete(Memory).filter_by(user_id=user_id))
@@ -137,7 +138,7 @@ class MemoriesTable:
             except Exception:
                 return False
 
-    async def delete_memory_by_id_and_user_id(self, id: str, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def delete_memory_by_id_and_user_id(self, id: str, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             try:
                 memory = await db.get(Memory, id)

backend/open_webui/models/messages.py

@@ -3,17 +3,13 @@ import time
 import uuid
 from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import select, delete, func
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from open_webui.internal.db import Base, JSONField, get_async_db_context
-from open_webui.models.tags import TagModel, Tag, Tags
-from open_webui.models.users import Users, User, UserNameResponse
-from open_webui.models.channels import Channels, ChannelMember
-
-
+from open_webui.models.channels import ChannelMember, Channels
+from open_webui.models.tags import Tag, TagModel, Tags
+from open_webui.models.users import User, UserNameResponse, Users
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, field_validator
-from sqlalchemy import BigInteger, Boolean, Column, String, Text, JSON
-from sqlalchemy import or_, func, and_, text
+from sqlalchemy import JSON, BigInteger, Boolean, Column, String, Text, and_, delete, func, or_, select, text
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from sqlalchemy.sql import exists
 
 ####################

backend/open_webui/models/models.py

@@ -1,21 +1,18 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import json
 import logging
 import time
 from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import select, delete, update, or_, func, String, cast
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from open_webui.internal.db import Base, JSONField, get_async_db_context
-
-from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
-from open_webui.models.users import User, UserModel, Users, UserResponse
 from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrantModel, AccessGrants
-
-
+from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
+from open_webui.models.users import User, UserModel, UserResponse, Users
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field, model_validator
-
+from sqlalchemy import BigInteger, Boolean, Column, String, Text, cast, delete, func, or_, select, update
 from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import JSONB
-from sqlalchemy import BigInteger, Column, Text, Boolean
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -35,14 +32,14 @@ class ModelParams(BaseModel):
 
 # ModelMeta is a model for the data stored in the meta field of the Model table
 class ModelMeta(BaseModel):
-    profile_image_url: Optional[str] = '/static/favicon.png'
+    profile_image_url: str | None = '/static/favicon.png'
 
-    description: Optional[str] = None
+    description: str | None = None
     """
         User-facing description of the model.
     """
 
-    capabilities: Optional[dict] = None
+    capabilities: dict | None = None
 
     model_config = ConfigDict(extra='allow')
 
@@ -100,7 +97,7 @@ class Model(Base):
 class ModelModel(BaseModel):
     id: str
     user_id: str
-    base_model_id: Optional[str] = None
+    base_model_id: str | None = None
 
     name: str
     params: ModelParams
@@ -121,11 +118,11 @@ class ModelModel(BaseModel):
 
 
 class ModelUserResponse(ModelModel):
-    user: Optional[UserResponse] = None
+    user: UserResponse | None = None
 
 
 class ModelAccessResponse(ModelUserResponse):
-    write_access: Optional[bool] = False
+    write_access: bool | None = False
 
 
 class ModelResponse(ModelModel):
@@ -146,23 +143,23 @@ class ModelForm(BaseModel):
     model_config = ConfigDict(extra='ignore')
 
     id: str
-    base_model_id: Optional[str] = None
+    base_model_id: str | None = None
     name: str
     meta: ModelMeta
     params: ModelParams
-    access_grants: Optional[list[dict]] = None
+    access_grants: list[dict | None] = None
     is_active: bool = True
 
 
 class ModelsTable:
-    async def _get_access_grants(self, model_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[AccessGrantModel]:
+    async def _get_access_grants(self, model_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[AccessGrantModel]:
         return await AccessGrants.get_grants_by_resource('model', model_id, db=db)
 
     async def _to_model_model(
         self,
         model: Model,
-        access_grants: Optional[list[AccessGrantModel]] = None,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
+        access_grants: list[AccessGrantModel | None] = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
     ) -> ModelModel:
         model_data = ModelModel.model_validate(model).model_dump(exclude={'access_grants'})
         model_data['access_grants'] = (
@@ -171,8 +168,8 @@ class ModelsTable:
         return ModelModel.model_validate(model_data)
 
     async def insert_new_model(
-        self, form_data: ModelForm, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[ModelModel]:
+        self, form_data: ModelForm, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> ModelModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 result = Model(
@@ -196,7 +193,7 @@ class ModelsTable:
             log.exception(f'Failed to insert a new model: {e}')
             return None
 
-    async def get_all_models(self, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[ModelModel]:
+    async def get_all_models(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[ModelModel]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(select(Model))
             all_models = result.scalars().all()
@@ -207,7 +204,7 @@ class ModelsTable:
                 for model in all_models
             ]
 
-    async def get_models(self, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[ModelUserResponse]:
+    async def get_models(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[ModelUserResponse]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(select(Model).filter(Model.base_model_id != None))
             all_models = result.scalars().all()
@@ -238,7 +235,7 @@ class ModelsTable:
                 )
             return models
 
-    async def get_base_models(self, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[ModelModel]:
+    async def get_base_models(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[ModelModel]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(select(Model).filter(Model.base_model_id == None))
             all_models = result.scalars().all()
@@ -250,7 +247,7 @@ class ModelsTable:
             ]
 
     async def get_models_by_user_id(
-        self, user_id: str, permission: str = 'write', db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
+        self, user_id: str, permission: str = 'write', db: AsyncSession | None = None
     ) -> list[ModelUserResponse]:
         models = await self.get_models(db=db)
         user_groups = await Groups.get_groups_by_member_id(user_id, db=db)
@@ -287,7 +284,7 @@ class ModelsTable:
         filter: dict = {},
         skip: int = 0,
         limit: int = 30,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
     ) -> ModelListResponse:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             stmt = select(Model, User).outerjoin(User, User.id == Model.user_id)
@@ -391,7 +388,7 @@ class ModelsTable:
 
             return ModelListResponse(items=models, total=total)
 
-    async def get_model_meta_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[tuple[dict, int]]:
+    async def get_model_meta_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> tuple[dict, int | None]:
         """Return (meta, updated_at) for a model, skipping access grant resolution."""
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
@@ -404,7 +401,7 @@ class ModelsTable:
         self,
         user_id: str,
         is_admin: bool = False,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
     ) -> set[str]:
         """Extract unique tag names from model meta, querying only the meta column."""
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
@@ -437,7 +434,7 @@ class ModelsTable:
 
             return tags_set
 
-    async def get_model_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[ModelModel]:
+    async def get_model_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> ModelModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 model = await db.get(Model, id)
@@ -445,7 +442,7 @@ class ModelsTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def get_models_by_ids(self, ids: list[str], db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[ModelModel]:
+    async def get_models_by_ids(self, ids: list[str], db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[ModelModel]:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 result = await db.execute(select(Model).filter(Model.id.in_(ids)))
@@ -463,7 +460,7 @@ class ModelsTable:
         except Exception:
             return []
 
-    async def toggle_model_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[ModelModel]:
+    async def toggle_model_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> ModelModel | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             try:
                 result = await db.execute(select(Model).filter_by(id=id))
@@ -480,9 +477,7 @@ class ModelsTable:
             except Exception:
                 return None
 
-    async def update_model_by_id(
-        self, id: str, model: ModelForm, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[ModelModel]:
+    async def update_model_by_id(self, id: str, model: ModelForm, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> ModelModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 # update only the fields that are present in the model
@@ -499,7 +494,7 @@ class ModelsTable:
             log.exception(f'Failed to update the model by id {id}: {e}')
             return None
 
-    async def update_model_updated_at_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[ModelModel]:
+    async def update_model_updated_at_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> ModelModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 result = await db.execute(select(Model).filter_by(id=id))
@@ -514,7 +509,7 @@ class ModelsTable:
             log.exception(f'Failed to update the model updated_at by id {id}: {e}')
             return None
 
-    async def delete_model_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def delete_model_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 await AccessGrants.revoke_all_access('model', id, db=db)
@@ -525,7 +520,7 @@ class ModelsTable:
         except Exception:
             return False
 
-    async def delete_all_models(self, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def delete_all_models(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 result = await db.execute(select(Model.id))
@@ -540,7 +535,7 @@ class ModelsTable:
             return False
 
     async def sync_models(
-        self, user_id: str, models: list[ModelModel], db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
+        self, user_id: str, models: list[ModelModel], db: AsyncSession | None = None
     ) -> list[ModelModel]:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:

backend/open_webui/models/notes.py

@@ -1,19 +1,16 @@
 import json
 import time
 import uuid
-from typing import Optional
 from functools import lru_cache
+from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import Boolean, select, delete, update, or_, func, cast
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from open_webui.internal.db import Base, get_async_db_context
-from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
-from open_webui.models.users import User, UserModel, Users, UserResponse
 from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrantModel, AccessGrants
-
-
+from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
+from open_webui.models.users import User, UserModel, UserResponse, Users
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
-from sqlalchemy import BigInteger, Column, Text, JSON, ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy import JSON, BigInteger, Boolean, Column, ForeignKey, Text, cast, delete, func, or_, select, update
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 ####################
 # Note DB Schema

backend/open_webui/models/oauth_sessions.py

@@ -1,20 +1,17 @@
-import time
-import logging
-import uuid
-from typing import Optional, List
 import base64
 import hashlib
 import json
+import logging
+import time
+import uuid
+from typing import List, Optional
 
 from cryptography.fernet import Fernet
-
-from sqlalchemy import select, delete, update
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
-from open_webui.internal.db import Base, get_async_db_context
 from open_webui.env import OAUTH_SESSION_TOKEN_ENCRYPTION_KEY
-
+from open_webui.internal.db import Base, get_async_db_context
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
-from sqlalchemy import BigInteger, Column, String, Text, Index
+from sqlalchemy import BigInteger, Column, Index, String, Text, delete, select, update
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 

backend/open_webui/models/prompt_history.py

@@ -1,18 +1,16 @@
 """Prompt history model for version tracking."""
 
+import difflib
+import json
 import time
 import uuid
 from typing import Optional
-import json
-import difflib
 
-from sqlalchemy import select, delete, func
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from open_webui.internal.db import Base, get_async_db_context
-from open_webui.models.users import Users, UserResponse
-
+from open_webui.models.users import UserResponse, Users
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
-from sqlalchemy import BigInteger, Column, Text, JSON, Index
+from sqlalchemy import JSON, BigInteger, Column, Index, Text, delete, func, select
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 ####################
 # PromptHistory DB Schema

backend/open_webui/models/prompts.py

@@ -1,19 +1,18 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import json
 import time
 import uuid
 from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import select, delete, update, or_, func, text, cast, String
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from open_webui.internal.db import Base, JSONField, get_async_db_context
-from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
-from open_webui.models.users import Users, User, UserModel, UserResponse
-from open_webui.models.prompt_history import PromptHistories
 from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrantModel, AccessGrants
-
-
+from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
+from open_webui.models.prompt_history import PromptHistories
+from open_webui.models.users import User, UserModel, UserResponse, Users
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
-from sqlalchemy import BigInteger, Boolean, Column, Text, JSON
+from sqlalchemy import JSON, BigInteger, Boolean, Column, String, Text, cast, delete, func, or_, select, text, update
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 ####################
 # Prompts DB Schema
@@ -40,18 +39,18 @@ class Prompt(Base):
 
 
 class PromptModel(BaseModel):
-    id: Optional[str] = None
+    id: str | None = None
     command: str
     user_id: str
     name: str
     content: str
-    data: Optional[dict] = None
-    meta: Optional[dict] = None
-    tags: Optional[list[str]] = None
-    is_active: Optional[bool] = True
-    version_id: Optional[str] = None
-    created_at: Optional[int] = None
-    updated_at: Optional[int] = None
+    data: dict | None = None
+    meta: dict | None = None
+    tags: list[str | None] = None
+    is_active: bool | None = True
+    version_id: str | None = None
+    created_at: int | None = None
+    updated_at: int | None = None
     access_grants: list[AccessGrantModel] = Field(default_factory=list)
 
     model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
@@ -63,11 +62,11 @@ class PromptModel(BaseModel):
 
 
 class PromptUserResponse(PromptModel):
-    user: Optional[UserResponse] = None
+    user: UserResponse | None = None
 
 
 class PromptAccessResponse(PromptUserResponse):
-    write_access: Optional[bool] = False
+    write_access: bool | None = False
 
 
 class PromptListResponse(BaseModel):
@@ -84,24 +83,24 @@ class PromptForm(BaseModel):
     command: str
     name: str  # Changed from title
     content: str
-    data: Optional[dict] = None
-    meta: Optional[dict] = None
-    tags: Optional[list[str]] = None
-    access_grants: Optional[list[dict]] = None
-    version_id: Optional[str] = None  # Active version
-    commit_message: Optional[str] = None  # For history tracking
-    is_production: Optional[bool] = True  # Whether to set new version as production
+    data: dict | None = None
+    meta: dict | None = None
+    tags: list[str | None] = None
+    access_grants: list[dict | None] = None
+    version_id: str | None = None  # Active version
+    commit_message: str | None = None  # For history tracking
+    is_production: bool | None = True  # Whether to set new version as production
 
 
 class PromptsTable:
-    async def _get_access_grants(self, prompt_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[AccessGrantModel]:
+    async def _get_access_grants(self, prompt_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[AccessGrantModel]:
         return await AccessGrants.get_grants_by_resource('prompt', prompt_id, db=db)
 
     async def _to_prompt_model(
         self,
         prompt: Prompt,
-        access_grants: Optional[list[AccessGrantModel]] = None,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
+        access_grants: list[AccessGrantModel | None] = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
     ) -> PromptModel:
         prompt_data = PromptModel.model_validate(prompt).model_dump(exclude={'access_grants'})
         prompt_data['access_grants'] = (
@@ -110,8 +109,8 @@ class PromptsTable:
         return PromptModel.model_validate(prompt_data)
 
     async def insert_new_prompt(
-        self, user_id: str, form_data: PromptForm, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[PromptModel]:
+        self, user_id: str, form_data: PromptForm, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> PromptModel | None:
         now = int(time.time())
         prompt_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
 
@@ -171,7 +170,7 @@ class PromptsTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def get_prompt_by_id(self, prompt_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[PromptModel]:
+    async def get_prompt_by_id(self, prompt_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> PromptModel | None:
         """Get prompt by UUID."""
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
@@ -183,7 +182,7 @@ class PromptsTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def get_prompt_by_command(self, command: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[PromptModel]:
+    async def get_prompt_by_command(self, command: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> PromptModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 result = await db.execute(select(Prompt).filter_by(command=command))
@@ -194,7 +193,7 @@ class PromptsTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def get_prompts(self, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[PromptUserResponse]:
+    async def get_prompts(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[PromptUserResponse]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(
                 select(Prompt).filter(Prompt.is_active == True).order_by(Prompt.updated_at.desc())
@@ -229,7 +228,7 @@ class PromptsTable:
             return prompts
 
     async def get_prompts_by_user_id(
-        self, user_id: str, permission: str = 'write', db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
+        self, user_id: str, permission: str = 'write', db: AsyncSession | None = None
     ) -> list[PromptUserResponse]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             user_groups = await Groups.get_groups_by_member_id(user_id, db=db)
@@ -283,7 +282,7 @@ class PromptsTable:
         filter: dict = {},
         skip: int = 0,
         limit: int = 30,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
     ) -> PromptListResponse:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             # Join with User table for user filtering and sorting
@@ -404,8 +403,8 @@ class PromptsTable:
         command: str,
         form_data: PromptForm,
         user_id: str,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
-    ) -> Optional[PromptModel]:
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
+    ) -> PromptModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 result = await db.execute(select(Prompt).filter_by(command=command))
@@ -470,8 +469,8 @@ class PromptsTable:
         prompt_id: str,
         form_data: PromptForm,
         user_id: str,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
-    ) -> Optional[PromptModel]:
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
+    ) -> PromptModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 result = await db.execute(select(Prompt).filter_by(id=prompt_id))
@@ -545,9 +544,9 @@ class PromptsTable:
         prompt_id: str,
         name: str,
         command: str,
-        tags: Optional[list[str]] = None,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
-    ) -> Optional[PromptModel]:
+        tags: list[str | None] = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
+    ) -> PromptModel | None:
         """Update only name, command, and tags (no history created)."""
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
@@ -573,8 +572,8 @@ class PromptsTable:
         self,
         prompt_id: str,
         version_id: str,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
-    ) -> Optional[PromptModel]:
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
+    ) -> PromptModel | None:
         """Set the active version of a prompt and restore content from that version's snapshot."""
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
@@ -606,7 +605,7 @@ class PromptsTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def toggle_prompt_active(self, prompt_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[PromptModel]:
+    async def toggle_prompt_active(self, prompt_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> PromptModel | None:
         """Toggle the is_active flag on a prompt."""
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
@@ -622,7 +621,7 @@ class PromptsTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def delete_prompt_by_command(self, command: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def delete_prompt_by_command(self, command: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         """Permanently delete a prompt and its history."""
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
@@ -639,7 +638,7 @@ class PromptsTable:
         except Exception:
             return False
 
-    async def delete_prompt_by_id(self, prompt_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def delete_prompt_by_id(self, prompt_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         """Permanently delete a prompt and its history."""
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
@@ -656,7 +655,7 @@ class PromptsTable:
         except Exception:
             return False
 
-    async def get_tags(self, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[str]:
+    async def get_tags(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[str]:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 result = await db.execute(select(Prompt.tags).filter(Prompt.is_active == True))
@@ -670,7 +669,7 @@ class PromptsTable:
         except Exception:
             return []
 
-    async def get_tags_by_user_id(self, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[str]:
+    async def get_tags_by_user_id(self, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[str]:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 user_groups = await Groups.get_groups_by_member_id(user_id, db=db)

backend/open_webui/models/shared_chats.py

@@ -3,12 +3,10 @@ import time
 import uuid
 from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import select, delete
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from open_webui.internal.db import Base, JSONField, get_async_db_context
-
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
-from sqlalchemy import BigInteger, Column, ForeignKey, Text, JSON
+from sqlalchemy import JSON, BigInteger, Column, ForeignKey, Text, delete, select
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 

backend/open_webui/models/skills.py

@@ -2,15 +2,13 @@ import logging
 import time
 from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import select, delete, update, or_
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from open_webui.internal.db import Base, get_async_db_context
-from open_webui.models.users import Users, User, UserModel, UserResponse
-from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
 from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrantModel, AccessGrants
-
+from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
+from open_webui.models.users import User, UserModel, UserResponse, Users
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
-from sqlalchemy import JSON, BigInteger, Boolean, Column, String, Text, func
+from sqlalchemy import JSON, BigInteger, Boolean, Column, String, Text, delete, func, or_, select, update
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 

backend/open_webui/models/tags.py

@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import logging
 import time
 import uuid
 from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import select, delete
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from open_webui.internal.db import Base, JSONField, get_async_db_context
-
-
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
-from sqlalchemy import BigInteger, Column, String, JSON, PrimaryKeyConstraint, Index
+from sqlalchemy import JSON, BigInteger, Column, Index, PrimaryKeyConstraint, String, delete, select
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -39,7 +38,7 @@ class TagModel(BaseModel):
     id: str
     name: str
     user_id: str
-    meta: Optional[dict] = None
+    meta: dict | None = None
     model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
 
 
@@ -54,7 +53,7 @@ class TagChatIdForm(BaseModel):
 
 
 class TagTable:
-    async def insert_new_tag(self, name: str, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[TagModel]:
+    async def insert_new_tag(self, name: str, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> TagModel | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             id = name.replace(' ', '_').lower()
             tag = TagModel(**{'id': id, 'user_id': user_id, 'name': name})
@@ -72,8 +71,8 @@ class TagTable:
                 return None
 
     async def get_tag_by_name_and_user_id(
-        self, name: str, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[TagModel]:
+        self, name: str, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> TagModel | None:
         try:
             id = name.replace(' ', '_').lower()
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
@@ -83,19 +82,19 @@ class TagTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def get_tags_by_user_id(self, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[TagModel]:
+    async def get_tags_by_user_id(self, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[TagModel]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(select(Tag).filter_by(user_id=user_id))
             return [TagModel.model_validate(tag) for tag in result.scalars().all()]
 
     async def get_tags_by_ids_and_user_id(
-        self, ids: list[str], user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
+        self, ids: list[str], user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None
     ) -> list[TagModel]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(select(Tag).filter(Tag.id.in_(ids), Tag.user_id == user_id))
             return [TagModel.model_validate(tag) for tag in result.scalars().all()]
 
-    async def delete_tag_by_name_and_user_id(self, name: str, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def delete_tag_by_name_and_user_id(self, name: str, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 id = name.replace(' ', '_').lower()
@@ -108,7 +107,7 @@ class TagTable:
             return False
 
     async def delete_tags_by_ids_and_user_id(
-        self, ids: list[str], user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
+        self, ids: list[str], user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None
     ) -> bool:
         """Delete all tags whose id is in *ids* for the given user, in one query."""
         if not ids:
@@ -122,7 +121,7 @@ class TagTable:
             log.error(f'delete_tags_by_ids: {e}')
             return False
 
-    async def ensure_tags_exist(self, names: list[str], user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> None:
+    async def ensure_tags_exist(self, names: list[str], user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> None:
         """Create tag rows for any *names* that don't already exist for *user_id*."""
         if not names:
             return

backend/open_webui/models/tools.py

@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import logging
 import time
 from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import select, delete, update
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from open_webui.internal.db import Base, JSONField, get_async_db_context
-from open_webui.models.users import Users, UserResponse
-from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
 from open_webui.models.access_grants import AccessGrantModel, AccessGrants
-
+from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
+from open_webui.models.users import UserResponse, Users
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
-from sqlalchemy import BigInteger, Column, String, Text
+from sqlalchemy import BigInteger, Column, String, Text, delete, select, update
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ class Tool(Base):
 
 
 class ToolMeta(BaseModel):
-    description: Optional[str] = None
-    manifest: Optional[dict] = {}
+    description: str | None = None
+    manifest: dict | None = {}
 
 
 class ToolModel(BaseModel):
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ class ToolModel(BaseModel):
 
 
 class ToolUserModel(ToolModel):
-    user: Optional[UserResponse] = None
+    user: UserResponse | None = None
 
 
 class ToolResponse(BaseModel):
@@ -76,13 +76,13 @@ class ToolResponse(BaseModel):
 
 
 class ToolUserResponse(ToolResponse):
-    user: Optional[UserResponse] = None
+    user: UserResponse | None = None
 
     model_config = ConfigDict(extra='allow')
 
 
 class ToolAccessResponse(ToolUserResponse):
-    write_access: Optional[bool] = False
+    write_access: bool | None = False
 
 
 class ToolForm(BaseModel):
@@ -90,22 +90,22 @@ class ToolForm(BaseModel):
     name: str
     content: str
     meta: ToolMeta
-    access_grants: Optional[list[dict]] = None
+    access_grants: list[dict | None] = None
 
 
 class ToolValves(BaseModel):
-    valves: Optional[dict] = None
+    valves: dict | None = None
 
 
 class ToolsTable:
-    async def _get_access_grants(self, tool_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[AccessGrantModel]:
+    async def _get_access_grants(self, tool_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[AccessGrantModel]:
         return await AccessGrants.get_grants_by_resource('tool', tool_id, db=db)
 
     async def _to_tool_model(
         self,
         tool: Tool,
-        access_grants: Optional[list[AccessGrantModel]] = None,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
+        access_grants: list[AccessGrantModel | None] = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
     ) -> ToolModel:
         tool_data = ToolModel.model_validate(tool).model_dump(exclude={'access_grants'})
         tool_data['access_grants'] = (
@@ -118,8 +118,8 @@ class ToolsTable:
         user_id: str,
         form_data: ToolForm,
         specs: list[dict],
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
-    ) -> Optional[ToolModel]:
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
+    ) -> ToolModel | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             try:
                 result = Tool(
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ class ToolsTable:
                 log.exception(f'Error creating a new tool: {e}')
                 return None
 
-    async def get_tool_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[ToolModel]:
+    async def get_tool_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> ToolModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 tool = await db.get(Tool, id)
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ class ToolsTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def get_tools(self, defer_content: bool = False, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[ToolUserModel]:
+    async def get_tools(self, defer_content: bool = False, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[ToolUserModel]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             stmt = select(Tool).order_by(Tool.updated_at.desc())
             if defer_content:
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ class ToolsTable:
         user_id: str,
         permission: str = 'write',
         defer_content: bool = False,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
     ) -> list[ToolUserModel]:
         tools = await self.get_tools(defer_content=defer_content, db=db)
         user_groups = await Groups.get_groups_by_member_id(user_id, db=db)
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ class ToolsTable:
                 result.append(tool)
         return result
 
-    async def get_tool_valves_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[dict]:
+    async def get_tool_valves_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> dict | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 tool = await db.get(Tool, id)
@@ -221,8 +221,8 @@ class ToolsTable:
             return None
 
     async def update_tool_valves_by_id(
-        self, id: str, valves: dict, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[ToolValves]:
+        self, id: str, valves: dict, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> ToolValves | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 await db.execute(update(Tool).filter_by(id=id).values(valves=valves, updated_at=int(time.time())))
@@ -232,8 +232,8 @@ class ToolsTable:
             return None
 
     async def get_user_valves_by_id_and_user_id(
-        self, id: str, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[dict]:
+        self, id: str, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> dict | None:
         try:
             user = await Users.get_user_by_id(user_id, db=db)
             user_settings = user.settings.model_dump() if user.settings else {}
@@ -250,8 +250,8 @@ class ToolsTable:
             return None
 
     async def update_user_valves_by_id_and_user_id(
-        self, id: str, user_id: str, valves: dict, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[dict]:
+        self, id: str, user_id: str, valves: dict, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> dict | None:
         try:
             user = await Users.get_user_by_id(user_id, db=db)
             user_settings = user.settings.model_dump() if user.settings else {}
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ class ToolsTable:
             log.exception(f'Error updating user valves by id {id} and user_id {user_id}: {e}')
             return None
 
-    async def update_tool_by_id(self, id: str, updated: dict, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[ToolModel]:
+    async def update_tool_by_id(self, id: str, updated: dict, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> ToolModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 access_grants = updated.pop('access_grants', None)
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ class ToolsTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def delete_tool_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def delete_tool_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 await AccessGrants.revoke_all_access('tool', id, db=db)

backend/open_webui/models/users.py

@@ -1,29 +1,33 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import datetime
 import time
 from typing import Optional
 
-from sqlalchemy import select, delete, update, func, or_, case, exists
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
-from open_webui.internal.db import Base, JSONField, get_async_db_context
-
 from open_webui.env import DATABASE_USER_ACTIVE_STATUS_UPDATE_INTERVAL
-
+from open_webui.internal.db import Base, JSONField, get_async_db_context
 from open_webui.utils.misc import throttle
 from open_webui.utils.validate import validate_profile_image_url
-
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, field_validator, model_validator
 from sqlalchemy import (
-    BigInteger,
     JSON,
-    Column,
-    String,
+    BigInteger,
     Boolean,
-    Text,
+    Column,
     Date,
+    String,
+    Text,
+    case,
     cast,
+    delete,
+    exists,
+    func,
+    or_,
+    select,
+    update,
 )
 from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import JSONB
-
-import datetime
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 ####################
 # User DB Schema
@@ -33,7 +37,7 @@ import datetime
 
 
 class UserSettings(BaseModel):
-    ui: Optional[dict] = {}
+    ui: dict | None = {}
     model_config = ConfigDict(extra='allow')
     pass
 
@@ -76,29 +80,29 @@ class UserModel(BaseModel):
     id: str
 
     email: str
-    username: Optional[str] = None
+    username: str | None = None
     role: str = 'pending'
 
     name: str
 
-    profile_image_url: Optional[str] = None
-    profile_banner_image_url: Optional[str] = None
+    profile_image_url: str | None = None
+    profile_banner_image_url: str | None = None
 
-    bio: Optional[str] = None
-    gender: Optional[str] = None
-    date_of_birth: Optional[datetime.date] = None
-    timezone: Optional[str] = None
+    bio: str | None = None
+    gender: str | None = None
+    date_of_birth: datetime.date | None = None
+    timezone: str | None = None
 
-    presence_state: Optional[str] = None
-    status_emoji: Optional[str] = None
-    status_message: Optional[str] = None
-    status_expires_at: Optional[int] = None
+    presence_state: str | None = None
+    status_emoji: str | None = None
+    status_message: str | None = None
+    status_expires_at: int | None = None
 
-    info: Optional[dict] = None
-    settings: Optional[UserSettings] = None
+    info: dict | None = None
+    settings: UserSettings | None = None
 
-    oauth: Optional[dict] = None
-    scim: Optional[dict] = None
+    oauth: dict | None = None
+    scim: dict | None = None
 
     last_active_at: int  # timestamp in epoch
     updated_at: int  # timestamp in epoch
@@ -136,9 +140,9 @@ class ApiKeyModel(BaseModel):
     id: str
     user_id: str
     key: str
-    data: Optional[dict] = None
-    expires_at: Optional[int] = None
-    last_used_at: Optional[int] = None
+    data: dict | None = None
+    expires_at: int | None = None
+    last_used_at: int | None = None
     created_at: int  # timestamp in epoch
     updated_at: int  # timestamp in epoch
 
@@ -153,9 +157,9 @@ class ApiKeyModel(BaseModel):
 class UpdateProfileForm(BaseModel):
     profile_image_url: str
     name: str
-    bio: Optional[str] = None
-    gender: Optional[str] = None
-    date_of_birth: Optional[datetime.date] = None
+    bio: str | None = None
+    gender: str | None = None
+    date_of_birth: datetime.date | None = None
 
     @field_validator('profile_image_url')
     @classmethod
@@ -182,9 +186,9 @@ class UserGroupIdsListResponse(BaseModel):
 
 
 class UserStatus(BaseModel):
-    status_emoji: Optional[str] = None
-    status_message: Optional[str] = None
-    status_expires_at: Optional[int] = None
+    status_emoji: str | None = None
+    status_message: str | None = None
+    status_expires_at: int | None = None
 
 
 class UserInfoResponse(UserStatus):
@@ -192,8 +196,8 @@ class UserInfoResponse(UserStatus):
     name: str
     email: str
     role: str
-    bio: Optional[str] = None
-    groups: Optional[list] = []
+    bio: str | None = None
+    groups: list | None = []
     is_active: bool = False
 
 
@@ -205,7 +209,7 @@ class UserIdNameResponse(BaseModel):
 class UserIdNameStatusResponse(UserStatus):
     id: str
     name: str
-    is_active: Optional[bool] = None
+    is_active: bool | None = None
 
 
 class UserInfoListResponse(BaseModel):
@@ -239,15 +243,15 @@ class UserRoleUpdateForm(BaseModel):
 
 
 class UserUpdateForm(BaseModel):
-    role: Optional[str] = None
-    name: Optional[str] = None
-    email: Optional[str] = None
-    profile_image_url: Optional[str] = None
-    password: Optional[str] = None
+    role: str | None = None
+    name: str | None = None
+    email: str | None = None
+    profile_image_url: str | None = None
+    password: str | None = None
 
     @field_validator('profile_image_url', mode='before')
     @classmethod
-    def check_profile_image_url(cls, v: Optional[str]) -> Optional[str]:
+    def check_profile_image_url(cls, v: str | None) -> str | None:
         if v is None:
             return v
         return validate_profile_image_url(v)
@@ -261,10 +265,10 @@ class UsersTable:
         email: str,
         profile_image_url: str = '/user.png',
         role: str = 'pending',
-        username: Optional[str] = None,
-        oauth: Optional[dict] = None,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
-    ) -> Optional[UserModel]:
+        username: str | None = None,
+        oauth: dict | None = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
+    ) -> UserModel | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             user = UserModel(
                 **{
@@ -289,7 +293,7 @@ class UsersTable:
             else:
                 return None
 
-    async def get_user_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[UserModel]:
+    async def get_user_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> UserModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 result = await db.execute(select(User).filter_by(id=id))
@@ -298,7 +302,7 @@ class UsersTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def get_user_by_api_key(self, api_key: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[UserModel]:
+    async def get_user_by_api_key(self, api_key: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> UserModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 result = await db.execute(
@@ -309,7 +313,7 @@ class UsersTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def get_user_by_email(self, email: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[UserModel]:
+    async def get_user_by_email(self, email: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> UserModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 result = await db.execute(select(User).filter(func.lower(User.email) == email.lower()))
@@ -318,9 +322,7 @@ class UsersTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def get_user_by_oauth_sub(
-        self, provider: str, sub: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[UserModel]:
+    async def get_user_by_oauth_sub(self, provider: str, sub: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> UserModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 dialect_name = db.bind.dialect.name
@@ -339,8 +341,8 @@ class UsersTable:
             return None
 
     async def get_user_by_scim_external_id(
-        self, provider: str, external_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[UserModel]:
+        self, provider: str, external_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> UserModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 dialect_name = db.bind.dialect.name
@@ -359,15 +361,15 @@ class UsersTable:
 
     async def get_users(
         self,
-        filter: Optional[dict] = None,
-        skip: Optional[int] = None,
-        limit: Optional[int] = None,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
+        filter: dict | None = None,
+        skip: int | None = None,
+        limit: int | None = None,
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
     ) -> dict:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             # Import here to avoid circular imports
-            from open_webui.models.groups import GroupMember
             from open_webui.models.channels import ChannelMember
+            from open_webui.models.groups import GroupMember
 
             # Join GroupMember so we can order by group_id when requested
             stmt = select(User)
@@ -501,7 +503,7 @@ class UsersTable:
                 'total': total,
             }
 
-    async def get_users_by_group_id(self, group_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[UserModel]:
+    async def get_users_by_group_id(self, group_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[UserModel]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             from open_webui.models.groups import GroupMember
 
@@ -511,25 +513,23 @@ class UsersTable:
             users = result.scalars().all()
             return [UserModel.model_validate(user) for user in users]
 
-    async def get_users_by_user_ids(
-        self, user_ids: list[str], db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> list[UserStatusModel]:
+    async def get_users_by_user_ids(self, user_ids: list[str], db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[UserStatusModel]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(select(User).filter(User.id.in_(user_ids)))
             users = result.scalars().all()
             return [UserModel.model_validate(user) for user in users]
 
-    async def get_num_users(self, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[int]:
+    async def get_num_users(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> int | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(select(func.count()).select_from(User))
             return result.scalar()
 
-    async def has_users(self, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def has_users(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(select(exists(select(User))))
             return result.scalar()
 
-    async def get_first_user(self, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> UserModel:
+    async def get_first_user(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> UserModel:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 result = await db.execute(select(User).order_by(User.created_at).limit(1))
@@ -538,7 +538,7 @@ class UsersTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def get_user_webhook_url_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[str]:
+    async def get_user_webhook_url_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> str | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 result = await db.execute(select(User).filter_by(id=id))
@@ -551,7 +551,7 @@ class UsersTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def get_num_users_active_today(self, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[int]:
+    async def get_num_users_active_today(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> int | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             current_timestamp = int(datetime.datetime.now().timestamp())
             today_midnight_timestamp = current_timestamp - (current_timestamp % 86400)
@@ -560,9 +560,7 @@ class UsersTable:
             )
             return result.scalar()
 
-    async def update_user_role_by_id(
-        self, id: str, role: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[UserModel]:
+    async def update_user_role_by_id(self, id: str, role: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> UserModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 result = await db.execute(select(User).filter_by(id=id))
@@ -577,8 +575,8 @@ class UsersTable:
             return None
 
     async def update_user_status_by_id(
-        self, id: str, form_data: UserStatus, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[UserModel]:
+        self, id: str, form_data: UserStatus, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> UserModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 result = await db.execute(select(User).filter_by(id=id))
@@ -594,8 +592,8 @@ class UsersTable:
             return None
 
     async def update_user_profile_image_url_by_id(
-        self, id: str, profile_image_url: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[UserModel]:
+        self, id: str, profile_image_url: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> UserModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 result = await db.execute(select(User).filter_by(id=id))
@@ -610,7 +608,7 @@ class UsersTable:
             return None
 
     @throttle(DATABASE_USER_ACTIVE_STATUS_UPDATE_INTERVAL)
-    async def update_last_active_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> None:
+    async def update_last_active_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 await db.execute(update(User).filter_by(id=id).values(last_active_at=int(time.time())))
@@ -619,8 +617,8 @@ class UsersTable:
             pass
 
     async def update_user_oauth_by_id(
-        self, id: str, provider: str, sub: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[UserModel]:
+        self, id: str, provider: str, sub: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> UserModel | None:
         """
         Update or insert an OAuth provider/sub pair into the user's oauth JSON field.
         Example resulting structure:
@@ -656,8 +654,8 @@ class UsersTable:
         id: str,
         provider: str,
         external_id: str,
-        db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
-    ) -> Optional[UserModel]:
+        db: AsyncSession | None = None,
+    ) -> UserModel | None:
         """
         Update or insert a SCIM provider/external_id pair into the user's scim JSON field.
         Example resulting structure:
@@ -684,7 +682,7 @@ class UsersTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def update_user_by_id(self, id: str, updated: dict, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[UserModel]:
+    async def update_user_by_id(self, id: str, updated: dict, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> UserModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 result = await db.execute(select(User).filter_by(id=id))
@@ -701,8 +699,8 @@ class UsersTable:
             return None
 
     async def update_user_settings_by_id(
-        self, id: str, updated: dict, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
-    ) -> Optional[UserModel]:
+        self, id: str, updated: dict, db: AsyncSession | None = None
+    ) -> UserModel | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 result = await db.execute(select(User).filter_by(id=id))
@@ -726,10 +724,10 @@ class UsersTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def delete_user_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def delete_user_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         try:
-            from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
             from open_webui.models.chats import Chats
+            from open_webui.models.groups import Groups
 
             # Remove User from Groups
             await Groups.remove_user_from_all_groups(id)
@@ -748,7 +746,7 @@ class UsersTable:
         except Exception:
             return False
 
-    async def get_user_api_key_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[str]:
+    async def get_user_api_key_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> str | None:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 result = await db.execute(select(ApiKey).filter_by(user_id=id))
@@ -757,7 +755,7 @@ class UsersTable:
         except Exception:
             return None
 
-    async def update_user_api_key_by_id(self, id: str, api_key: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def update_user_api_key_by_id(self, id: str, api_key: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 await db.execute(delete(ApiKey).filter_by(user_id=id))
@@ -779,7 +777,7 @@ class UsersTable:
         except Exception:
             return False
 
-    async def delete_user_api_key_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def delete_user_api_key_by_id(self, id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         try:
             async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
                 await db.execute(delete(ApiKey).filter_by(user_id=id))
@@ -788,13 +786,13 @@ class UsersTable:
         except Exception:
             return False
 
-    async def get_valid_user_ids(self, user_ids: list[str], db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[str]:
+    async def get_valid_user_ids(self, user_ids: list[str], db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> list[str]:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(select(User).filter(User.id.in_(user_ids)))
             users = result.scalars().all()
             return [user.id for user in users]
 
-    async def get_super_admin_user(self, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[UserModel]:
+    async def get_super_admin_user(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> UserModel | None:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(select(User).filter_by(role='admin').limit(1))
             user = result.scalars().first()
@@ -803,7 +801,7 @@ class UsersTable:
             else:
                 return None
 
-    async def get_active_user_count(self, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> int:
+    async def get_active_user_count(self, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> int:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             # Consider user active if last_active_at within the last 3 minutes
             three_minutes_ago = int(time.time()) - 180
@@ -820,7 +818,7 @@ class UsersTable:
             return user.last_active_at >= three_minutes_ago
         return False
 
-    async def is_user_active(self, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
+    async def is_user_active(self, user_id: str, db: AsyncSession | None = None) -> bool:
         async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
             result = await db.execute(select(User).filter_by(id=user_id))
             user = result.scalars().first()

backend/open_webui/retrieval/loaders/datalab_marker.py

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
+import json
+import logging
 import os
 import time
-import requests
-import logging
-import json
 from typing import List, Optional
-from langchain_core.documents import Document
+
+import requests
 from fastapi import HTTPException, status
+from langchain_core.documents import Document
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 

backend/open_webui/retrieval/loaders/external_document.py

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-import requests
-import logging, os
+import logging
+import os
 from typing import Iterator, List, Union
 from urllib.parse import quote
 
+import requests
 from langchain_core.document_loaders import BaseLoader
 from langchain_core.documents import Document
 from open_webui.utils.headers import include_user_info_headers

backend/open_webui/retrieval/loaders/external_web.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-import requests
 import logging
 from typing import Iterator, List, Union
 
+import requests
 from langchain_core.document_loaders import BaseLoader
 from langchain_core.documents import Document
 

backend/open_webui/retrieval/loaders/main.py

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 import asyncio
-import requests
-import logging
-import ftfy
-import sys
 import json
+import logging
+import sys
 
+import ftfy
+import requests
 from azure.identity import DefaultAzureCredential
 from langchain_community.document_loaders import (
     AzureAIDocumentIntelligenceLoader,
@@ -17,16 +17,13 @@ from langchain_community.document_loaders import (
     YoutubeLoader,
 )
 from langchain_core.documents import Document
-
-from open_webui.retrieval.loaders.external_document import ExternalDocumentLoader
-
-from open_webui.retrieval.loaders.mistral import MistralLoader
+from open_webui.env import AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_SSL, GLOBAL_LOG_LEVEL, REQUESTS_VERIFY
 from open_webui.retrieval.loaders.datalab_marker import DatalabMarkerLoader
+from open_webui.retrieval.loaders.external_document import ExternalDocumentLoader
 from open_webui.retrieval.loaders.mineru import MinerULoader
+from open_webui.retrieval.loaders.mistral import MistralLoader
 from open_webui.retrieval.loaders.paddleocr_vl import PaddleOCRVLLoader
 
-from open_webui.env import GLOBAL_LOG_LEVEL, REQUESTS_VERIFY, AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_SSL
-
 logging.basicConfig(stream=sys.stdout, level=GLOBAL_LOG_LEVEL)
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 

backend/open_webui/retrieval/loaders/mineru.py

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
-import os
-import time
-import requests
 import logging
+import os
 import tempfile
+import time
 import zipfile
 from typing import List, Optional
-from langchain_core.documents import Document
+
+import requests
 from fastapi import HTTPException, status
+from langchain_core.documents import Document
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 

backend/open_webui/retrieval/loaders/mistral.py

@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
-import requests
-import aiohttp
 import asyncio
 import logging
 import os
 import sys
 import time
-from typing import List, Dict, Any
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
+from typing import Any, Dict, List
 
+import aiohttp
+import requests
 from langchain_core.documents import Document
-from open_webui.env import GLOBAL_LOG_LEVEL, AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_SSL
+from open_webui.env import AIOHTTP_CLIENT_SESSION_SSL, GLOBAL_LOG_LEVEL
 
 logging.basicConfig(stream=sys.stdout, level=GLOBAL_LOG_LEVEL)
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)

backend/open_webui/retrieval/loaders/paddleocr_vl.py

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 import base64
-import os
-import requests
 import logging
+import os
 import sys
 from typing import List
 
+import requests
 from langchain_core.documents import Document
 from open_webui.env import GLOBAL_LOG_LEVEL
 

backend/open_webui/retrieval/loaders/tavily.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-import requests
 import logging
 from typing import Iterator, List, Literal, Union
 
+import requests
 from langchain_core.document_loaders import BaseLoader
 from langchain_core.documents import Document
 

backend/open_webui/retrieval/loaders/youtube.py

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import logging
-from xml.etree.ElementTree import ParseError
-
 from typing import Any, Dict, Generator, List, Optional, Sequence, Union
 from urllib.parse import parse_qs, urlparse
+from xml.etree.ElementTree import ParseError
+
 from langchain_core.documents import Document
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)

backend/open_webui/retrieval/models/base_reranker.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
-from typing import Optional, List, Tuple
+from typing import List, Optional, Tuple
 
 
 class BaseReranker(ABC):

backend/open_webui/retrieval/models/colbert.py

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
-import os
 import logging
-import torch
+import os
+
 import numpy as np
+import torch
 from colbert.infra import ColBERTConfig
 from colbert.modeling.checkpoint import Checkpoint
-
-
 from open_webui.retrieval.models.base_reranker import BaseReranker
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)

backend/open_webui/retrieval/models/external.py

@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 import logging
-import requests
-from typing import Optional, List, Tuple
+from typing import List, Optional, Tuple
 from urllib.parse import quote
 
-
+import requests
 from open_webui.env import ENABLE_FORWARD_USER_INFO_HEADERS, REQUESTS_VERIFY
 from open_webui.retrieval.models.base_reranker import BaseReranker
 from open_webui.utils.headers import include_user_info_headers

backend/open_webui/retrieval/utils.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import asyncio
 import hashlib
 import logging
@@ -516,8 +518,11 @@ def get_all_items_from_collections(collection_names: list[str]) -> dict:
 
 
 async def query_collection(
-    request, collection_names: list[str], queries: list[str],
-    embedding_function, k: int,
+    request,
+    collection_names: list[str],
+    queries: list[str],
+    embedding_function,
+    k: int,
 ) -> dict:
     # When request is provided, try hybrid search + reranking if enabled
     if request and request.app.state.config.ENABLE_RAG_HYBRID_SEARCH:
@@ -1109,7 +1114,7 @@ async def get_sources_from_items(
     hybrid_bm25_weight,
     hybrid_search,
     full_context=False,
-    user: Optional[UserModel] = None,
+    user: UserModel | None = None,
 ):
     log.debug(f'items: {items} {queries} {embedding_function} {reranking_function} {full_context}')
 
@@ -1421,7 +1426,7 @@ class RerankCompressor(BaseDocumentCompressor):
         self,
         documents: Sequence[Document],
         query: str,
-        callbacks: Optional[Callbacks] = None,
+        callbacks: Callbacks | None = None,
     ) -> Sequence[Document]:
         """Compress retrieved documents given the query context.
 
@@ -1440,7 +1445,7 @@ class RerankCompressor(BaseDocumentCompressor):
         self,
         documents: Sequence[Document],
         query: str,
-        callbacks: Optional[Callbacks] = None,
+        callbacks: Callbacks | None = None,
     ) -> Sequence[Document]:
         reranking = self.reranking_function is not None
 

backend/open_webui/retrieval/vector/dbs/chroma.py

@@ -1,29 +1,27 @@
-import chromadb
 import logging
-from chromadb import Settings
-from chromadb.utils.batch_utils import create_batches
-
 from typing import Optional
 
-from open_webui.retrieval.vector.main import (
-    VectorDBBase,
-    VectorItem,
-    SearchResult,
-    GetResult,
-)
-from open_webui.retrieval.vector.utils import process_metadata
-
+import chromadb
+from chromadb import Settings
+from chromadb.utils.batch_utils import create_batches
 from open_webui.config import (
+    CHROMA_CLIENT_AUTH_CREDENTIALS,
+    CHROMA_CLIENT_AUTH_PROVIDER,
     CHROMA_DATA_PATH,
+    CHROMA_DATABASE,
+    CHROMA_HTTP_HEADERS,
     CHROMA_HTTP_HOST,
     CHROMA_HTTP_PORT,
-    CHROMA_HTTP_HEADERS,
     CHROMA_HTTP_SSL,
     CHROMA_TENANT,
-    CHROMA_DATABASE,
-    CHROMA_CLIENT_AUTH_PROVIDER,
-    CHROMA_CLIENT_AUTH_CREDENTIALS,
 )
+from open_webui.retrieval.vector.main import (
+    GetResult,
+    SearchResult,
+    VectorDBBase,
+    VectorItem,
+)
+from open_webui.retrieval.vector.utils import process_metadata
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 

backend/open_webui/retrieval/vector/dbs/elasticsearch.py

@@ -2,28 +2,28 @@
 NOTE: This vector database integration is community-supported and maintained on a best-effort basis.
 """
 
-from elasticsearch import Elasticsearch, BadRequestError
-from typing import Optional
 import ssl
-from elasticsearch.helpers import bulk, scan
+from typing import Optional
 
-from open_webui.retrieval.vector.utils import process_metadata
-from open_webui.retrieval.vector.main import (
-    VectorDBBase,
-    VectorItem,
-    SearchResult,
-    GetResult,
-)
+from elasticsearch import BadRequestError, Elasticsearch
+from elasticsearch.helpers import bulk, scan
 from open_webui.config import (
-    ELASTICSEARCH_URL,
-    ELASTICSEARCH_CA_CERTS,
     ELASTICSEARCH_API_KEY,
-    ELASTICSEARCH_USERNAME,
-    ELASTICSEARCH_PASSWORD,
+    ELASTICSEARCH_CA_CERTS,
     ELASTICSEARCH_CLOUD_ID,
     ELASTICSEARCH_INDEX_PREFIX,
+    ELASTICSEARCH_PASSWORD,
+    ELASTICSEARCH_URL,
+    ELASTICSEARCH_USERNAME,
     SSL_ASSERT_FINGERPRINT,
 )
+from open_webui.retrieval.vector.main import (
+    GetResult,
+    SearchResult,
+    VectorDBBase,
+    VectorItem,
+)
+from open_webui.retrieval.vector.utils import process_metadata
 
 
 class ElasticsearchClient(VectorDBBase):

backend/open_webui/retrieval/vector/dbs/mariadb_vector.py

@@ -13,18 +13,15 @@ import sys
 from contextlib import contextmanager
 from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
 
-from sqlalchemy import create_engine
-from sqlalchemy.pool import NullPool, QueuePool
-
 from open_webui.config import (
     MARIADB_VECTOR_DB_URL,
     MARIADB_VECTOR_DISTANCE_STRATEGY,
     MARIADB_VECTOR_INDEX_M,
     MARIADB_VECTOR_INITIALIZE_MAX_VECTOR_LENGTH,
-    MARIADB_VECTOR_POOL_SIZE,
     MARIADB_VECTOR_POOL_MAX_OVERFLOW,
-    MARIADB_VECTOR_POOL_TIMEOUT,
     MARIADB_VECTOR_POOL_RECYCLE,
+    MARIADB_VECTOR_POOL_SIZE,
+    MARIADB_VECTOR_POOL_TIMEOUT,
 )
 from open_webui.retrieval.vector.main import (
     GetResult,
@@ -33,6 +30,8 @@ from open_webui.retrieval.vector.main import (
     VectorItem,
 )
 from open_webui.retrieval.vector.utils import process_metadata
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy.pool import NullPool, QueuePool
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 

backend/open_webui/retrieval/vector/dbs/milvus.py

@@ -2,33 +2,31 @@
 NOTE: This vector database integration is community-supported and maintained on a best-effort basis.
 """
 
-from pymilvus import MilvusClient as Client
-from pymilvus import FieldSchema, DataType
-from pymilvus import connections, Collection
-
 import json
 import logging
 from typing import Optional
 
-from open_webui.retrieval.vector.utils import process_metadata
-from open_webui.retrieval.vector.main import (
-    VectorDBBase,
-    VectorItem,
-    SearchResult,
-    GetResult,
-)
 from open_webui.config import (
-    MILVUS_URI,
     MILVUS_DB,
-    MILVUS_TOKEN,
-    MILVUS_INDEX_TYPE,
-    MILVUS_METRIC_TYPE,
-    MILVUS_HNSW_M,
-    MILVUS_HNSW_EFCONSTRUCTION,
-    MILVUS_IVF_FLAT_NLIST,
     MILVUS_DISKANN_MAX_DEGREE,
     MILVUS_DISKANN_SEARCH_LIST_SIZE,
+    MILVUS_HNSW_EFCONSTRUCTION,
+    MILVUS_HNSW_M,
+    MILVUS_INDEX_TYPE,
+    MILVUS_IVF_FLAT_NLIST,
+    MILVUS_METRIC_TYPE,
+    MILVUS_TOKEN,
+    MILVUS_URI,
 )
+from open_webui.retrieval.vector.main import (
+    GetResult,
+    SearchResult,
+    VectorDBBase,
+    VectorItem,
+)
+from open_webui.retrieval.vector.utils import process_metadata
+from pymilvus import Collection, DataType, FieldSchema, connections
+from pymilvus import MilvusClient as Client
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 

backend/open_webui/retrieval/vector/dbs/milvus_multitenancy.py

@@ -3,18 +3,18 @@ NOTE: This vector database integration is community-supported and maintained on
 """
 
 import logging
-from typing import Optional, Tuple, List, Dict, Any
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
 
 from open_webui.config import (
-    MILVUS_URI,
-    MILVUS_TOKEN,
-    MILVUS_DB,
     MILVUS_COLLECTION_PREFIX,
-    MILVUS_INDEX_TYPE,
-    MILVUS_METRIC_TYPE,
-    MILVUS_HNSW_M,
+    MILVUS_DB,
     MILVUS_HNSW_EFCONSTRUCTION,
+    MILVUS_HNSW_M,
+    MILVUS_INDEX_TYPE,
     MILVUS_IVF_FLAT_NLIST,
+    MILVUS_METRIC_TYPE,
+    MILVUS_TOKEN,
+    MILVUS_URI,
 )
 from open_webui.retrieval.vector.main import (
     GetResult,
@@ -23,12 +23,12 @@ from open_webui.retrieval.vector.main import (
     VectorItem,
 )
 from pymilvus import (
-    connections,
-    utility,
     Collection,
     CollectionSchema,
-    FieldSchema,
     DataType,
+    FieldSchema,
+    connections,
+    utility,
 )
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)

backend/open_webui/retrieval/vector/dbs/opengauss.py

@@ -2,37 +2,36 @@
 NOTE: This vector database integration is community-supported and maintained on a best-effort basis.
 """
 
-from typing import Optional, List, Dict, Any
+import json
 import logging
 import re
-import json
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
+
+from pgvector.sqlalchemy import Vector
 from sqlalchemy import (
-    func,
-    literal,
+    Column,
+    Integer,
+    LargeBinary,
+    MetaData,
+    Table,
+    Text,
     cast,
     column,
     create_engine,
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    MetaData,
-    LargeBinary,
+    func,
+    literal,
     select,
     text,
-    Text,
-    Table,
     values,
 )
-from sqlalchemy.sql import true
-from sqlalchemy.pool import NullPool, QueuePool
-
-from sqlalchemy.orm import declarative_base, scoped_session, sessionmaker
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import JSONB, array
-from pgvector.sqlalchemy import Vector
-from sqlalchemy.ext.mutable import MutableDict
-from sqlalchemy.exc import NoSuchTableError
-
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.psycopg2 import PGDialect_psycopg2
 from sqlalchemy.dialects import registry
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import JSONB, array
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.psycopg2 import PGDialect_psycopg2
+from sqlalchemy.exc import NoSuchTableError
+from sqlalchemy.ext.mutable import MutableDict
+from sqlalchemy.orm import declarative_base, scoped_session, sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy.pool import NullPool, QueuePool
+from sqlalchemy.sql import true
 
 
 class OpenGaussDialect(PGDialect_psycopg2):
@@ -56,23 +55,22 @@ class OpenGaussDialect(PGDialect_psycopg2):
 # Register dialect
 registry.register('opengauss', __name__, 'OpenGaussDialect')
 
-from open_webui.retrieval.vector.utils import process_metadata
-from open_webui.retrieval.vector.main import (
-    VectorDBBase,
-    VectorItem,
-    SearchResult,
-    GetResult,
-)
 from open_webui.config import (
     OPENGAUSS_DB_URL,
     OPENGAUSS_INITIALIZE_MAX_VECTOR_LENGTH,
-    OPENGAUSS_POOL_SIZE,
     OPENGAUSS_POOL_MAX_OVERFLOW,
-    OPENGAUSS_POOL_TIMEOUT,
     OPENGAUSS_POOL_RECYCLE,
+    OPENGAUSS_POOL_SIZE,
+    OPENGAUSS_POOL_TIMEOUT,
 )
-
 from open_webui.env import SRC_LOG_LEVELS
+from open_webui.retrieval.vector.main import (
+    GetResult,
+    SearchResult,
+    VectorDBBase,
+    VectorItem,
+)
+from open_webui.retrieval.vector.utils import process_metadata
 
 VECTOR_LENGTH = OPENGAUSS_INITIALIZE_MAX_VECTOR_LENGTH
 Base = declarative_base()

backend/open_webui/retrieval/vector/dbs/opensearch.py

@@ -2,24 +2,24 @@
 NOTE: This vector database integration is community-supported and maintained on a best-effort basis.
 """
 
-from opensearchpy import OpenSearch
-from opensearchpy.helpers import bulk
 from typing import Optional
 
-from open_webui.retrieval.vector.utils import process_metadata
+from open_webui.config import (
+    OPENSEARCH_CERT_VERIFY,
+    OPENSEARCH_PASSWORD,
+    OPENSEARCH_SSL,
+    OPENSEARCH_URI,
+    OPENSEARCH_USERNAME,
+)
 from open_webui.retrieval.vector.main import (
+    GetResult,
+    SearchResult,
     VectorDBBase,
     VectorItem,
-    SearchResult,
-    GetResult,
-)
-from open_webui.config import (
-    OPENSEARCH_URI,
-    OPENSEARCH_SSL,
-    OPENSEARCH_CERT_VERIFY,
-    OPENSEARCH_USERNAME,
-    OPENSEARCH_PASSWORD,
 )
+from open_webui.retrieval.vector.utils import process_metadata
+from opensearchpy import OpenSearch
+from opensearchpy.helpers import bulk
 
 
 class OpenSearchClient(VectorDBBase):

backend/open_webui/retrieval/vector/dbs/oracle23ai.py

@@ -28,34 +28,33 @@ ORACLE_DB_POOL_MAX = 10
 ORACLE_DB_POOL_INCREMENT = 1
 """
 
-from typing import Optional, List, Dict, Any, Union
-from decimal import Decimal
+import array
+import json
 import logging
 import os
 import threading
 import time
-import json
-import array
+from decimal import Decimal
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Union
+
 import oracledb
-
-from open_webui.retrieval.vector.main import (
-    VectorDBBase,
-    VectorItem,
-    SearchResult,
-    GetResult,
-)
-
 from open_webui.config import (
+    ORACLE_DB_DSN,
+    ORACLE_DB_PASSWORD,
+    ORACLE_DB_POOL_INCREMENT,
+    ORACLE_DB_POOL_MAX,
+    ORACLE_DB_POOL_MIN,
     ORACLE_DB_USE_WALLET,
     ORACLE_DB_USER,
-    ORACLE_DB_PASSWORD,
-    ORACLE_DB_DSN,
+    ORACLE_VECTOR_LENGTH,
     ORACLE_WALLET_DIR,
     ORACLE_WALLET_PASSWORD,
-    ORACLE_VECTOR_LENGTH,
-    ORACLE_DB_POOL_MIN,
-    ORACLE_DB_POOL_MAX,
-    ORACLE_DB_POOL_INCREMENT,
+)
+from open_webui.retrieval.vector.main import (
+    GetResult,
+    SearchResult,
+    VectorDBBase,
+    VectorItem,
 )
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)

backend/open_webui/retrieval/vector/dbs/pgvector.py

@@ -1,56 +1,54 @@
-from typing import Optional, List, Dict, Any, Tuple
-import logging
 import json
+import logging
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from open_webui.config import (
+    PGVECTOR_CREATE_EXTENSION,
+    PGVECTOR_DB_URL,
+    PGVECTOR_HNSW_EF_CONSTRUCTION,
+    PGVECTOR_HNSW_M,
+    PGVECTOR_INDEX_METHOD,
+    PGVECTOR_INITIALIZE_MAX_VECTOR_LENGTH,
+    PGVECTOR_IVFFLAT_LISTS,
+    PGVECTOR_PGCRYPTO,
+    PGVECTOR_PGCRYPTO_KEY,
+    PGVECTOR_POOL_MAX_OVERFLOW,
+    PGVECTOR_POOL_RECYCLE,
+    PGVECTOR_POOL_SIZE,
+    PGVECTOR_POOL_TIMEOUT,
+    PGVECTOR_USE_HALFVEC,
+)
+from open_webui.retrieval.vector.main import (
+    GetResult,
+    SearchResult,
+    VectorDBBase,
+    VectorItem,
+)
+from open_webui.retrieval.vector.utils import process_metadata
+from open_webui.utils.misc import sanitize_text_for_db
+from pgvector.sqlalchemy import HALFVEC, Vector
 from sqlalchemy import (
-    func,
-    literal,
+    Column,
+    Integer,
+    LargeBinary,
+    MetaData,
+    Table,
+    Text,
     cast,
     column,
     create_engine,
-    Column,
-    Integer,
-    MetaData,
-    LargeBinary,
+    func,
+    literal,
     select,
     text,
-    Text,
-    Table,
     values,
 )
-from sqlalchemy.sql import true
-from sqlalchemy.pool import NullPool, QueuePool
-
-from sqlalchemy.orm import declarative_base, scoped_session, sessionmaker
 from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import JSONB, array
-from pgvector.sqlalchemy import Vector, HALFVEC
-from sqlalchemy.ext.mutable import MutableDict
 from sqlalchemy.exc import NoSuchTableError
-
-
-from open_webui.retrieval.vector.utils import process_metadata
-from open_webui.retrieval.vector.main import (
-    VectorDBBase,
-    VectorItem,
-    SearchResult,
-    GetResult,
-)
-from open_webui.utils.misc import sanitize_text_for_db
-from open_webui.config import (
-    PGVECTOR_DB_URL,
-    PGVECTOR_INITIALIZE_MAX_VECTOR_LENGTH,
-    PGVECTOR_CREATE_EXTENSION,
-    PGVECTOR_PGCRYPTO,
-    PGVECTOR_PGCRYPTO_KEY,
-    PGVECTOR_POOL_SIZE,
-    PGVECTOR_POOL_MAX_OVERFLOW,
-    PGVECTOR_POOL_TIMEOUT,
-    PGVECTOR_POOL_RECYCLE,
-    PGVECTOR_INDEX_METHOD,
-    PGVECTOR_HNSW_M,
-    PGVECTOR_HNSW_EF_CONSTRUCTION,
-    PGVECTOR_IVFFLAT_LISTS,
-    PGVECTOR_USE_HALFVEC,
-)
+from sqlalchemy.ext.mutable import MutableDict
+from sqlalchemy.orm import declarative_base, scoped_session, sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy.pool import NullPool, QueuePool
+from sqlalchemy.sql import true
 
 VECTOR_LENGTH = PGVECTOR_INITIALIZE_MAX_VECTOR_LENGTH
 USE_HALFVEC = PGVECTOR_USE_HALFVEC

backend/open_webui/retrieval/vector/dbs/pinecone.py

@@ -2,9 +2,10 @@
 NOTE: This vector database integration is community-supported and maintained on a best-effort basis.
 """
 
-from typing import Optional, List, Dict, Any, Union
 import logging
 import time  # for measuring elapsed time
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Union
+
 from pinecone import Pinecone, ServerlessSpec
 
 # Add gRPC support for better performance (Pinecone best practice)
@@ -16,24 +17,23 @@ except ImportError:
     GRPC_AVAILABLE = False
 
 import asyncio  # for async upserts
-import functools  # for partial binding in async tasks
-
 import concurrent.futures  # for parallel batch upserts
+import functools  # for partial binding in async tasks
 import random  # for jitter in retry backoff
 
-from open_webui.retrieval.vector.main import (
-    VectorDBBase,
-    VectorItem,
-    SearchResult,
-    GetResult,
-)
 from open_webui.config import (
     PINECONE_API_KEY,
+    PINECONE_CLOUD,
+    PINECONE_DIMENSION,
     PINECONE_ENVIRONMENT,
     PINECONE_INDEX_NAME,
-    PINECONE_DIMENSION,
     PINECONE_METRIC,
-    PINECONE_CLOUD,
+)
+from open_webui.retrieval.vector.main import (
+    GetResult,
+    SearchResult,
+    VectorDBBase,
+    VectorItem,
 )
 from open_webui.retrieval.vector.utils import process_metadata
 

backend/open_webui/retrieval/vector/dbs/qdrant.py

@@ -2,31 +2,30 @@
 NOTE: This vector database integration is community-supported and maintained on a best-effort basis.
 """
 
-from typing import Optional
 import logging
+from typing import Optional
 from urllib.parse import urlparse
 
+from open_webui.config import (
+    QDRANT_API_KEY,
+    QDRANT_COLLECTION_PREFIX,
+    QDRANT_GRPC_PORT,
+    QDRANT_HNSW_M,
+    QDRANT_ON_DISK,
+    QDRANT_PREFER_GRPC,
+    QDRANT_TIMEOUT,
+    QDRANT_URI,
+)
+from open_webui.retrieval.vector.main import (
+    GetResult,
+    SearchResult,
+    VectorDBBase,
+    VectorItem,
+)
 from qdrant_client import QdrantClient as Qclient
 from qdrant_client.http.models import PointStruct
 from qdrant_client.models import models
 
-from open_webui.retrieval.vector.main import (
-    VectorDBBase,
-    VectorItem,
-    SearchResult,
-    GetResult,
-)
-from open_webui.config import (
-    QDRANT_URI,
-    QDRANT_API_KEY,
-    QDRANT_ON_DISK,
-    QDRANT_GRPC_PORT,
-    QDRANT_PREFER_GRPC,
-    QDRANT_COLLECTION_PREFIX,
-    QDRANT_TIMEOUT,
-    QDRANT_HNSW_M,
-)
-
 NO_LIMIT = 999999999
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)

backend/open_webui/retrieval/vector/dbs/qdrant_multitenancy.py

@@ -3,19 +3,19 @@ NOTE: This vector database integration is community-supported and maintained on
 """
 
 import logging
-from typing import Optional, Tuple, List, Dict, Any
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
 from urllib.parse import urlparse
 
 import grpc
 from open_webui.config import (
     QDRANT_API_KEY,
+    QDRANT_COLLECTION_PREFIX,
     QDRANT_GRPC_PORT,
+    QDRANT_HNSW_M,
     QDRANT_ON_DISK,
     QDRANT_PREFER_GRPC,
-    QDRANT_URI,
-    QDRANT_COLLECTION_PREFIX,
     QDRANT_TIMEOUT,
-    QDRANT_HNSW_M,
+    QDRANT_URI,
 )
 from open_webui.retrieval.vector.main import (
     GetResult,

backend/open_webui/retrieval/vector/dbs/s3vector.py

@@ -2,17 +2,18 @@
 NOTE: This vector database integration is community-supported and maintained on a best-effort basis.
 """
 
-from open_webui.retrieval.vector.utils import process_metadata
+import logging
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Union
+
+import boto3
+from open_webui.config import S3_VECTOR_BUCKET_NAME, S3_VECTOR_REGION
 from open_webui.retrieval.vector.main import (
-    VectorDBBase,
-    VectorItem,
     GetResult,
     SearchResult,
+    VectorDBBase,
+    VectorItem,
 )
-from open_webui.config import S3_VECTOR_BUCKET_NAME, S3_VECTOR_REGION
-from typing import List, Optional, Dict, Any, Union
-import logging
-import boto3
+from open_webui.retrieval.vector.utils import process_metadata
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)