diff --git a/app/components/table_component.html.erb b/app/components/table_component.html.erb
index 17e2a3410b9..27c53b728d6 100644
--- a/app/components/table_component.html.erb
+++ b/app/components/table_component.html.erb
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ See COPYRIGHT and LICENSE files for more details.
               <% if sortable_column?(name) %>
                 <%= helpers.sort_header_tag(name, **options) %>
               <% else %>
-                <th>
+                <th aria-label="<%= options[:caption] %>">
                   <div class="generic-table--sort-header-outer">
                     <div class="generic-table--sort-header">
                       <span>
diff --git a/app/helpers/sort_helper.rb b/app/helpers/sort_helper.rb
index 3fd55d4e29a..982b0524c57 100644
--- a/app/helpers/sort_helper.rb
+++ b/app/helpers/sort_helper.rb
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ module SortHelper
 
   # Extracts the given `options` and provides them to a block.
   # See #sort_header_tag and #sort_header_with_action_menu for usage examples.
-  def with_sort_header_options(column, allowed_params: nil, with_title: false, **options)
+  def with_sort_header_options(column, allowed_params: nil, with_title: false, **options) # rubocop:disable Metrics/AbcSize
     caption = get_caption(column, options)
 
     default_order = options.delete(:default_order) || "asc"
@@ -349,6 +349,12 @@ module SortHelper
     options[:title] = sort_header_title(column, caption, options) if with_title
     options[:icon_only_header] = column == :favorited
 
+    # Give the header cell an explicit accessible name equal to the plain caption.
+    # Without it, the column header's accessible name is derived from its contents,
+    # which can include the action menu trigger text and is uppercased by the
+    # `text-transform` styling, neither of which should be part of the name.
+    options[:"aria-label"] = caption if caption.present?
+
     within_sort_header_tag_hierarchy(options, sort_class(column)) do
       yield(column, caption, default_order, allowed_params:, param:, lang:, title: options[:title],
                                             sortable: options.fetch(:sortable, false), data:)
diff --git a/app/views/workflows/summaries/show.html.erb b/app/views/workflows/summaries/show.html.erb
index f5ed8bcff9e..3add4663a34 100644
--- a/app/views/workflows/summaries/show.html.erb
+++ b/app/views/workflows/summaries/show.html.erb
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ See COPYRIGHT and LICENSE files for more details.
             <tr>
               <th><div class="generic-table--empty-header"></div></th>
               <% @roles.each do |role| %>
-                <th>
+                <th aria-label="<%= role.name %>">
                   <div class="generic-table--sort-header-outer">
                     <div class="generic-table--sort-header">
                         <%= content_tag(role.builtin? ? "em" : "span", h(role.name)) %>
diff --git a/frontend/src/app/features/work-packages/components/wp-table/wp-table.component.html b/frontend/src/app/features/work-packages/components/wp-table/wp-table.component.html
index ddd77c1e302..f2e3fa4ac1f 100644
--- a/frontend/src/app/features/work-packages/components/wp-table/wp-table.component.html
+++ b/frontend/src/app/features/work-packages/components/wp-table/wp-table.component.html
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@
               }
               @for (column of columns; track column.href) {
                 <th
+                  [attr.aria-label]="column.name"
                   [ngClass]="{'-max': column.id === 'subject', '-min-200': ['estimatedTime', 'remainingTime'].includes(column.id) }"
                   class="wp-table--table-header">
                   <sortHeader [headerColumn]="column"
diff --git a/spec/helpers/sort_helper_spec.rb b/spec/helpers/sort_helper_spec.rb
index 43bf9e5cbfe..4ec596691a0 100644
--- a/spec/helpers/sort_helper_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/helpers/sort_helper_spec.rb
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ RSpec.describe SortHelper do
 
     it "renders a th with a sort link" do
       expect(output).to be_html_eql(<<-HTML)
-        <th title="Sort by &quot;Id&quot;">
+        <th title="Sort by &quot;Id&quot;" aria-label="Id">
           <div class="generic-table--sort-header-outer">
             <div class="generic-table--sort-header">
               <span>
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ RSpec.describe SortHelper do
 
       it "adds the sort class" do
         expect(output).to be_html_eql(<<-HTML)
-          <th title="Ascending sorted by &quot;Id&quot;">
+          <th title="Ascending sorted by &quot;Id&quot;" aria-label="Id">
             <div class="generic-table--sort-header-outer">
               <div class="generic-table--sort-header">
                 <span class="sort asc">
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ RSpec.describe SortHelper do
 
       it "adds the sort class" do
         expect(output).to be_html_eql(<<-HTML)
-          <th title="Descending sorted by &quot;Id&quot;">
+          <th title="Descending sorted by &quot;Id&quot;" aria-label="Id">
             <div class="generic-table--sort-header-outer">
               <div class="generic-table--sort-header">
                 <span class="sort desc">
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ RSpec.describe SortHelper do
       context "when not given allowed parameters" do
         it "copies default ones to the link" do
           expect(output).to be_html_eql(<<-HTML)
-            <th title="Sort by &quot;Id&quot;">
+            <th title="Sort by &quot;Id&quot;" aria-label="Id">
               <div class="generic-table--sort-header-outer">
                 <div class="generic-table--sort-header">
                   <span>
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ RSpec.describe SortHelper do
 
         it "copies them to the link" do
           expect(output).to be_html_eql(<<-HTML)
-            <th title="Sort by &quot;Id&quot;">
+            <th title="Sort by &quot;Id&quot;" aria-label="Id">
               <div class="generic-table--sort-header-outer">
                 <div class="generic-table--sort-header">
                   <span>
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ RSpec.describe SortHelper do
 
       it "includes the passed data param in the link" do
         expect(output).to be_html_eql(<<~HTML)
-          <th title="Sort by &quot;Id&quot;">
+          <th title="Sort by &quot;Id&quot;" aria-label="Id">
             <div class="generic-table--sort-header-outer">
               <div class="generic-table--sort-header">
                 <span>