fix(applications): harden image validation

app/Http/Controllers/Api/ApplicationsController.php

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ use App\Models\LocalPersistentVolume;
 use App\Models\PrivateKey;
 use App\Models\Project;
 use App\Models\Server;
+use App\Rules\DockerImageFormat;
 use App\Rules\ValidGitBranch;
 use App\Rules\ValidGitRepositoryUrl;
 use App\Services\DockerImageParser;
@@ -1790,8 +1791,8 @@ class ApplicationsController extends Controller
             ]))->setStatusCode(201);
         } elseif ($type === 'dockerimage') {
             $validationRules = [
-                'docker_registry_image_name' => 'string|required',
-                'docker_registry_image_tag' => 'string',
+                'docker_registry_image_name' => ['required', 'string', 'max:255', new DockerImageFormat],
+                'docker_registry_image_tag' => ValidationPatterns::dockerImageTagRules(),
                 'ports_exposes' => 'string|regex:/^(\d+)(,\d+)*$/|required',
             ];
             $validationRules = array_merge(sharedDataApplications(), $validationRules);

app/Jobs/ApplicationDeploymentJob.php

@@ -220,6 +220,7 @@ class ApplicationDeploymentJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
         $this->restart_only = $this->restart_only && $this->application->build_pack !== 'dockerimage' && $this->application->build_pack !== 'dockerfile';
         $this->only_this_server = $this->application_deployment_queue->only_this_server;
         $this->dockerImagePreviewTag = $this->application_deployment_queue->docker_registry_image_tag;
+        $this->validateDockerRegistryImageConfiguration();
 
         $this->git_type = data_get($this->application_deployment_queue, 'git_type');
 
@@ -1139,6 +1140,21 @@ class ApplicationDeploymentJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
         return $this->pull_request_id === 0;
     }
 
+    private function validateDockerRegistryImageConfiguration(): void
+    {
+        if (! ValidationPatterns::isValidDockerImageName($this->application->docker_registry_image_name)) {
+            throw new DeploymentException('Docker registry image name contains invalid characters.');
+        }
+
+        if (! ValidationPatterns::isValidDockerImageTag($this->application->docker_registry_image_tag)) {
+            throw new DeploymentException('Docker registry image tag contains invalid characters.');
+        }
+
+        if (! ValidationPatterns::isValidDockerImageTag($this->dockerImagePreviewTag)) {
+            throw new DeploymentException('Docker registry preview image tag contains invalid characters.');
+        }
+    }
+
     private function generate_image_names()
     {
         if ($this->application->dockerfile) {

app/Livewire/Project/Application/General.php

@@ -157,8 +157,8 @@ class General extends Component
             'portsMappings' => ValidationPatterns::portMappingRules(),
             'customNetworkAliases' => 'nullable',
             'dockerfile' => 'nullable',
-            'dockerRegistryImageName' => 'nullable',
-            'dockerRegistryImageTag' => 'nullable',
+            'dockerRegistryImageName' => ValidationPatterns::dockerImageNameRules(),
+            'dockerRegistryImageTag' => ValidationPatterns::dockerImageTagRules(),
             'dockerfileLocation' => ValidationPatterns::filePathRules(),
             'dockerComposeLocation' => ValidationPatterns::filePathRules(),
             'dockerCompose' => 'nullable',
@@ -848,7 +848,7 @@ class General extends Component
             }
             if ($this->buildPack === 'dockerimage') {
                 $this->validate([
-                    'dockerRegistryImageName' => 'required',
+                    'dockerRegistryImageName' => ValidationPatterns::dockerImageNameRules(required: true),
                 ]);
             }
 

app/Livewire/Project/New/DockerImage.php

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ namespace App\Livewire\Project\New;
 use App\Models\Application;
 use App\Models\Project;
 use App\Services\DockerImageParser;
+use App\Support\ValidationPatterns;
 use Livewire\Component;
 use Visus\Cuid2\Cuid2;
 
@@ -81,8 +82,8 @@ class DockerImage extends Component
     public function submit()
     {
         $this->validate([
-            'imageName' => ['required', 'string'],
-            'imageTag' => ['nullable', 'string', 'regex:/^[a-z0-9][a-z0-9._-]*$/i'],
+            'imageName' => ValidationPatterns::dockerImageNameRules(required: true),
+            'imageTag' => ValidationPatterns::dockerImageTagRules(),
             'imageSha256' => ['nullable', 'string', 'regex:/^[a-f0-9]{64}$/i'],
         ]);
 

app/Rules/DockerImageFormat.php

@@ -2,18 +2,26 @@
 
 namespace App\Rules;
 
+use App\Support\ValidationPatterns;
 use Closure;
 use Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\ValidationRule;
+use Illuminate\Translation\PotentiallyTranslatedString;
 
 class DockerImageFormat implements ValidationRule
 {
     /**
      * Run the validation rule.
      *
-     * @param  \Closure(string, ?string=): \Illuminate\Translation\PotentiallyTranslatedString  $fail
+     * @param  Closure(string, ?string=): PotentiallyTranslatedString  $fail
      */
     public function validate(string $attribute, mixed $value, Closure $fail): void
     {
+        if (! is_string($value)) {
+            $fail('The :attribute format is invalid. Use image:tag or image@sha256:hash format.');
+
+            return;
+        }
+
         // Check if the value contains ":sha256:" or ":sha" which is incorrect format
         if (preg_match('/:sha256?:/i', $value)) {
             $fail('The :attribute must use @ before sha256 digest (e.g., image@sha256:hash, not image:sha256:hash).');
@@ -21,20 +29,21 @@ class DockerImageFormat implements ValidationRule
             return;
         }
 
-        // Valid formats:
-        // 1. image:tag (e.g., nginx:latest)
-        // 2. registry/image:tag (e.g., ghcr.io/user/app:v1.2.3)
-        // 3. image@sha256:hash (e.g., nginx@sha256:abc123...)
-        // 4. registry/image@sha256:hash
-        // 5. registry:port/image:tag (e.g., localhost:5000/app:latest)
+        $imageName = $value;
+        $tag = null;
 
-        $pattern = '/^
-            (?:[a-z0-9]+(?:[._-][a-z0-9]+)*(?::[0-9]+)?\/)?  # Optional registry with optional port
-            [a-z0-9]+(?:[._\/-][a-z0-9]+)*                    # Image name (required)
-            (?::[a-z0-9][a-z0-9._-]*|@sha256:[a-f0-9]{64})?   # Optional :tag or @sha256:hash
-        $/ix';
+        if (preg_match('/\A(.+)@sha256:([a-f0-9]{64})\z/i', $value, $matches) === 1) {
+            $imageName = $matches[1];
+        } else {
+            $lastColon = strrpos($value, ':');
+            $lastSlash = strrpos($value, '/');
+            if ($lastColon !== false && ($lastSlash === false || $lastColon > $lastSlash)) {
+                $imageName = substr($value, 0, $lastColon);
+                $tag = substr($value, $lastColon + 1);
+            }
+        }
 
-        if (! preg_match($pattern, $value)) {
+        if (! ValidationPatterns::isValidDockerImageName($imageName) || ! ValidationPatterns::isValidDockerImageTag($tag)) {
             $fail('The :attribute format is invalid. Use image:tag or image@sha256:hash format.');
         }
     }

app/Support/ValidationPatterns.php

@@ -102,6 +102,23 @@ class ValidationPatterns
      */
     public const DB_PASSWORD_PATTERN = '/^[A-Za-z0-9!@#%^*()_+\-=\[\]{}:,.?\/~]+$/';
 
+    /**
+     * Pattern for Docker image repository names without a tag.
+     *
+     * Allows an optional registry host/port followed by lowercase repository
+     * path components. A trailing @sha256 marker is accepted for existing
+     * digest-based dockerimage records that store the digest hash separately.
+     */
+    public const DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME_PATTERN = '/\A(?=.{1,255}\z)(?:(?:[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9.-]*[a-z0-9])?(?::[0-9]+)?\/)?[a-z0-9]+(?:(?:[._-]|__)[a-z0-9]+)*(?:\/[a-z0-9]+(?:(?:[._-]|__)[a-z0-9]+)*)*)(?:@sha256)?\z/';
+
+    /**
+     * Pattern for Docker image tags.
+     *
+     * Docker tags may contain letters, digits, underscores, dots, and hyphens,
+     * must start with an alphanumeric/underscore, and are limited to 128 chars.
+     */
+    public const DOCKER_IMAGE_TAG_PATTERN = '/\A[A-Za-z0-9_][A-Za-z0-9_.-]{0,127}\z/';
+
     /**
      * Normalize environment variable keys before validation and storage.
      */
@@ -163,6 +180,81 @@ class ValidationPatterns
         return $key;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Get validation rules for Docker image repository names without tags.
+     */
+    public static function dockerImageNameRules(bool $required = false, int $maxLength = 255): array
+    {
+        $rules = [];
+
+        if ($required) {
+            $rules[] = 'required';
+        } else {
+            $rules[] = 'nullable';
+        }
+
+        $rules[] = 'string';
+        $rules[] = "max:$maxLength";
+        $rules[] = 'regex:'.self::DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME_PATTERN;
+
+        return $rules;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get validation rules for Docker image tags.
+     */
+    public static function dockerImageTagRules(bool $required = false, int $maxLength = 128): array
+    {
+        $rules = [];
+
+        if ($required) {
+            $rules[] = 'required';
+        } else {
+            $rules[] = 'nullable';
+        }
+
+        $rules[] = 'string';
+        $rules[] = "max:$maxLength";
+        $rules[] = 'regex:'.self::DOCKER_IMAGE_TAG_PATTERN;
+
+        return $rules;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get validation messages for Docker image fields.
+     */
+    public static function dockerImageMessages(string $nameField = 'docker_registry_image_name', string $tagField = 'docker_registry_image_tag'): array
+    {
+        return [
+            "{$nameField}.regex" => 'The Docker registry image name must be a valid image repository without a tag and may not contain shell metacharacters.',
+            "{$tagField}.regex" => 'The Docker registry image tag must be a valid Docker tag and may not contain shell metacharacters.',
+        ];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if a string is a valid Docker image repository name without a tag.
+     */
+    public static function isValidDockerImageName(?string $value): bool
+    {
+        if (blank($value)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        return preg_match(self::DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME_PATTERN, $value) === 1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if a string is a valid Docker image tag.
+     */
+    public static function isValidDockerImageTag(?string $value): bool
+    {
+        if (blank($value)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        return preg_match(self::DOCKER_IMAGE_TAG_PATTERN, $value) === 1;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Get validation rules for database identifier fields (username, database name).
      *

bootstrap/helpers/api.php

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 use App\Enums\BuildPackTypes;
 use App\Enums\RedirectTypes;
 use App\Enums\StaticImageTypes;
+use App\Support\ValidationPatterns;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 use Illuminate\Validation\Rule;
@@ -93,16 +94,16 @@ function sharedDataApplications()
         'domains' => 'string|nullable',
         'redirect' => Rule::enum(RedirectTypes::class),
         'git_commit_sha' => ['string', 'regex:/^[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9._\-\/]*$/'],
-        'docker_registry_image_name' => 'string|nullable',
-        'docker_registry_image_tag' => 'string|nullable',
-        'install_command' => \App\Support\ValidationPatterns::shellSafeCommandRules(),
-        'build_command' => \App\Support\ValidationPatterns::shellSafeCommandRules(),
-        'start_command' => \App\Support\ValidationPatterns::shellSafeCommandRules(),
+        'docker_registry_image_name' => ValidationPatterns::dockerImageNameRules(),
+        'docker_registry_image_tag' => ValidationPatterns::dockerImageTagRules(),
+        'install_command' => ValidationPatterns::shellSafeCommandRules(),
+        'build_command' => ValidationPatterns::shellSafeCommandRules(),
+        'start_command' => ValidationPatterns::shellSafeCommandRules(),
         'ports_exposes' => 'string|regex:/^(\d+)(,\d+)*$/',
         'ports_mappings' => 'string|regex:/^(\d+:\d+)(,\d+:\d+)*$/|nullable',
         'custom_network_aliases' => 'string|nullable',
-        'base_directory' => \App\Support\ValidationPatterns::directoryPathRules(),
-        'publish_directory' => \App\Support\ValidationPatterns::directoryPathRules(),
+        'base_directory' => ValidationPatterns::directoryPathRules(),
+        'publish_directory' => ValidationPatterns::directoryPathRules(),
         'health_check_enabled' => 'boolean',
         'health_check_type' => 'string|in:http,cmd',
         'health_check_command' => ['nullable', 'string', 'max:1000', 'regex:/^[a-zA-Z0-9 \-_.\/:=@,+]+$/'],
@@ -125,24 +126,24 @@ function sharedDataApplications()
         'limits_cpuset' => 'string|nullable',
         'limits_cpu_shares' => 'numeric',
         'custom_labels' => 'string|nullable',
-        'custom_docker_run_options' => \App\Support\ValidationPatterns::shellSafeCommandRules(2000),
+        'custom_docker_run_options' => ValidationPatterns::shellSafeCommandRules(2000),
         // Security: deployment commands are intentionally arbitrary shell (e.g. "php artisan migrate").
         // Access is gated by API token authentication. Commands run inside the app container, not the host.
         'post_deployment_command' => 'string|nullable',
-        'post_deployment_command_container' => \App\Support\ValidationPatterns::containerNameRules(),
+        'post_deployment_command_container' => ValidationPatterns::containerNameRules(),
         'pre_deployment_command' => 'string|nullable',
-        'pre_deployment_command_container' => \App\Support\ValidationPatterns::containerNameRules(),
+        'pre_deployment_command_container' => ValidationPatterns::containerNameRules(),
         'manual_webhook_secret_github' => 'string|nullable',
         'manual_webhook_secret_gitlab' => 'string|nullable',
         'manual_webhook_secret_bitbucket' => 'string|nullable',
         'manual_webhook_secret_gitea' => 'string|nullable',
-        'dockerfile_location' => \App\Support\ValidationPatterns::filePathRules(),
-        'dockerfile_target_build' => \App\Support\ValidationPatterns::dockerTargetRules(),
-        'docker_compose_location' => \App\Support\ValidationPatterns::filePathRules(),
+        'dockerfile_location' => ValidationPatterns::filePathRules(),
+        'dockerfile_target_build' => ValidationPatterns::dockerTargetRules(),
+        'docker_compose_location' => ValidationPatterns::filePathRules(),
         'docker_compose' => 'string|nullable',
         'docker_compose_domains' => 'array|nullable',
-        'docker_compose_custom_start_command' => \App\Support\ValidationPatterns::shellSafeCommandRules(),
-        'docker_compose_custom_build_command' => \App\Support\ValidationPatterns::shellSafeCommandRules(),
+        'docker_compose_custom_start_command' => ValidationPatterns::shellSafeCommandRules(),
+        'docker_compose_custom_build_command' => ValidationPatterns::shellSafeCommandRules(),
         'is_container_label_escape_enabled' => 'boolean',
         'is_preserve_repository_enabled' => 'boolean',
     ];

tests/Feature/ApplicationDockerRegistryImageValidationApiTest.php

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+<?php
+
+use App\Models\Application;
+use App\Models\Environment;
+use App\Models\Project;
+use App\Models\Server;
+use App\Models\StandaloneDocker;
+use App\Models\Team;
+use App\Models\User;
+use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;
+use Illuminate\Support\Str;
+
+uses(RefreshDatabase::class);
+
+beforeEach(function () {
+    $this->team = Team::factory()->create();
+    $this->user = User::factory()->create();
+    $this->team->members()->attach($this->user->id, ['role' => 'owner']);
+
+    $plainTextToken = Str::random(40);
+    $token = $this->user->tokens()->create([
+        'name' => 'docker-registry-validation-api-test-'.Str::random(6),
+        'token' => hash('sha256', $plainTextToken),
+        'abilities' => ['*'],
+        'team_id' => $this->team->id,
+    ]);
+    $this->bearerToken = $token->getKey().'|'.$plainTextToken;
+
+    $this->server = Server::factory()->create(['team_id' => $this->team->id]);
+    $this->destination = StandaloneDocker::factory()->create([
+        'server_id' => $this->server->id,
+        'network' => 'coolify-'.Str::lower(Str::random(8)),
+    ]);
+    $this->project = Project::factory()->create(['team_id' => $this->team->id]);
+    $this->environment = Environment::factory()->create(['project_id' => $this->project->id]);
+});
+
+function dockerRegistryApiHeaders(string $bearerToken): array
+{
+    return [
+        'Authorization' => 'Bearer '.$bearerToken,
+        'Content-Type' => 'application/json',
+    ];
+}
+
+function makeDockerRegistryValidationApplication(array $overrides = []): Application
+{
+    return Application::factory()->create(array_merge([
+        'environment_id' => test()->environment->id,
+        'destination_id' => test()->destination->id,
+        'destination_type' => test()->destination->getMorphClass(),
+        'build_pack' => 'nixpacks',
+        'docker_registry_image_name' => 'ghcr.io/coollabsio/example',
+        'docker_registry_image_tag' => 'latest',
+    ], $overrides));
+}
+
+describe('PATCH /api/v1/applications/{uuid} docker registry image validation', function () {
+    test('rejects shell metacharacters in docker registry image name without persisting them', function () {
+        $application = makeDockerRegistryValidationApplication();
+
+        $response = $this->withHeaders(dockerRegistryApiHeaders($this->bearerToken))
+            ->patchJson("/api/v1/applications/{$application->uuid}", [
+                'docker_registry_image_name' => 'coolify/poc$(touch /tmp/pwned)',
+                'docker_registry_image_tag' => 'latest',
+            ]);
+
+        $response->assertUnprocessable()
+            ->assertInvalid(['docker_registry_image_name']);
+
+        $application->refresh();
+        expect($application->docker_registry_image_name)->toBe('ghcr.io/coollabsio/example')
+            ->and($application->docker_registry_image_tag)->toBe('latest');
+    });
+
+    test('rejects shell metacharacters in docker registry image tag without persisting them', function () {
+        $application = makeDockerRegistryValidationApplication();
+
+        $response = $this->withHeaders(dockerRegistryApiHeaders($this->bearerToken))
+            ->patchJson("/api/v1/applications/{$application->uuid}", [
+                'docker_registry_image_name' => 'ghcr.io/coollabsio/example',
+                'docker_registry_image_tag' => 'latest$(touch /tmp/pwned)',
+            ]);
+
+        $response->assertUnprocessable()
+            ->assertInvalid(['docker_registry_image_tag']);
+
+        $application->refresh();
+        expect($application->docker_registry_image_name)->toBe('ghcr.io/coollabsio/example')
+            ->and($application->docker_registry_image_tag)->toBe('latest');
+    });
+
+    test('accepts valid docker registry image values', function () {
+        $application = makeDockerRegistryValidationApplication();
+
+        $response = $this->withHeaders(dockerRegistryApiHeaders($this->bearerToken))
+            ->patchJson("/api/v1/applications/{$application->uuid}", [
+                'docker_registry_image_name' => 'registry.example.com:5000/team/app',
+                'docker_registry_image_tag' => 'v1.2.3',
+            ]);
+
+        $response->assertOk();
+
+        $application->refresh();
+        expect($application->docker_registry_image_name)->toBe('registry.example.com:5000/team/app')
+            ->and($application->docker_registry_image_tag)->toBe('v1.2.3');
+    });
+});

tests/Feature/Livewire/ApplicationGeneralDockerRegistryImageValidationTest.php

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+<?php
+
+use App\Livewire\Project\Application\General;
+
+it('uses safe docker registry image validation rules in the application general form', function () {
+    $component = new General;
+    $method = new ReflectionMethod($component, 'rules');
+    $rules = $method->invoke($component);
+
+    $validator = validator([
+        'dockerRegistryImageName' => 'coolify/poc$(touch /tmp/pwned)',
+        'dockerRegistryImageTag' => 'latest$(touch /tmp/pwned)',
+    ], [
+        'dockerRegistryImageName' => $rules['dockerRegistryImageName'],
+        'dockerRegistryImageTag' => $rules['dockerRegistryImageTag'],
+    ]);
+
+    expect($validator->fails())->toBeTrue()
+        ->and($validator->errors()->has('dockerRegistryImageName'))->toBeTrue()
+        ->and($validator->errors()->has('dockerRegistryImageTag'))->toBeTrue();
+});

tests/Unit/DockerImageReferenceValidationTest.php

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+<?php
+
+use App\Exceptions\DeploymentException;
+use App\Jobs\ApplicationDeploymentJob;
+use App\Models\Application;
+use App\Models\ApplicationDeploymentQueue;
+use App\Rules\DockerImageFormat;
+use App\Support\ValidationPatterns;
+
+it('accepts valid docker registry image names', function (string $imageName) {
+    expect(ValidationPatterns::isValidDockerImageName($imageName))->toBeTrue();
+})->with([
+    'single component' => 'nginx',
+    'namespace image' => 'library/nginx',
+    'ghcr image' => 'ghcr.io/coollabsio/coolify',
+    'registry with port' => 'registry.example.com:5000/team/app',
+    'digest marker used by existing dockerimage records' => 'nginx@sha256',
+]);
+
+it('rejects docker registry image names with shell metacharacters', function (string $imageName) {
+    expect(ValidationPatterns::isValidDockerImageName($imageName))->toBeFalse();
+})->with([
+    'command substitution' => 'coolify/poc$(touch /tmp/pwned)',
+    'semicolon' => 'coolify/poc;id',
+    'backticks' => 'coolify/poc`id`',
+    'pipe' => 'coolify/poc|id',
+    'logical and' => 'coolify/poc&&id',
+    'newline' => "coolify/poc\nid",
+    'space' => 'coolify/poc image',
+    'tag in image-name-only field' => 'coolify/poc:latest',
+]);
+
+it('accepts valid docker registry image tags', function (string $tag) {
+    expect(ValidationPatterns::isValidDockerImageTag($tag))->toBeTrue();
+})->with([
+    'latest' => 'latest',
+    'version' => 'v1.2.3',
+    'uppercase and underscore' => 'PR_123',
+    'sha256 hash' => '1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef',
+    'legacy sha256 prefixed hash' => 'sha256-1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef',
+]);
+
+it('rejects docker registry image tags with shell metacharacters', function (string $tag) {
+    expect(ValidationPatterns::isValidDockerImageTag($tag))->toBeFalse();
+})->with([
+    'command substitution' => 'latest$(touch /tmp/pwned)',
+    'semicolon' => 'latest;id',
+    'backticks' => 'latest`id`',
+    'pipe' => 'latest|id',
+    'logical and' => 'latest&&id',
+    'newline' => "latest\nid",
+]);
+
+it('accepts supported full docker image reference formats', function (string $imageReference) {
+    $failures = [];
+
+    (new DockerImageFormat)->validate('image', $imageReference, function (string $message) use (&$failures): void {
+        $failures[] = $message;
+    });
+
+    expect($failures)->toBeEmpty();
+})->with([
+    'image with tag' => 'nginx:latest',
+    'registry image with tag' => 'ghcr.io/user/app:v1.2.3',
+    'image with sha256 digest' => 'nginx@sha256:1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef',
+    'registry image with sha256 digest' => 'ghcr.io/user/app@sha256:1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef',
+    'registry port image with tag' => 'localhost:5000/app:latest',
+]);
+
+it('rejects unsupported full docker image reference formats', function (string $imageReference) {
+    $failures = [];
+
+    (new DockerImageFormat)->validate('image', $imageReference, function (string $message) use (&$failures): void {
+        $failures[] = $message;
+    });
+
+    expect($failures)->not->toBeEmpty();
+})->with([
+    'colon sha256 marker' => 'nginx:sha256:1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef',
+    'command substitution' => 'nginx:latest$(touch /tmp/pwned)',
+    'newline' => "nginx:latest\nid",
+]);
+
+it('stops deployments when a stored docker registry image value is unsafe', function () {
+    $job = (new ReflectionClass(ApplicationDeploymentJob::class))->newInstanceWithoutConstructor();
+
+    $application = new Application([
+        'docker_registry_image_name' => 'coolify/poc$(touch /tmp/pwned)',
+        'docker_registry_image_tag' => 'latest',
+    ]);
+    $deploymentQueue = new ApplicationDeploymentQueue([
+        'docker_registry_image_tag' => null,
+    ]);
+
+    $jobReflection = new ReflectionClass($job);
+    foreach ([
+        'application' => $application,
+        'application_deployment_queue' => $deploymentQueue,
+        'dockerImagePreviewTag' => null,
+    ] as $property => $value) {
+        $reflectionProperty = $jobReflection->getProperty($property);
+        $reflectionProperty->setValue($job, $value);
+    }
+
+    $method = $jobReflection->getMethod('validateDockerRegistryImageConfiguration');
+
+    expect(fn () => $method->invoke($job))->toThrow(DeploymentException::class);
+});